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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=3625 m³/h, target velocity=5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=3625 m³/h, V_target=5 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 3625/3600 = 1.0069 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.0069/5 = 0.20139 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.5064 m ≈ Ø510 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 4.93 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø510 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=0.47 m³/h, target velocity=0.9 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=0.47 m³/h, v_target=0.9 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=0.47/3600=0.000131 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000145 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.01359 m ≈ 15 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.74 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 15 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=4750 m³/h, target velocity=4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Select round duct ≈ Ø650 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
How I got it
1) Convert: Q = 4750/3600 = 1.3194 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.3194/4 = 0.32986 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.6481 m ≈ Ø650 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 3.98 m/s
Assumptions
Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Sanity check
Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Need from you
Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=3500 m³/h, target velocity=2.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø700 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=3500 m³/h, V_target=2.5 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 3500/3600 = 0.9722 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.9722/2.5 = 0.38889 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.7037 m ≈ Ø700 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 2.53 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=9.8 m³/h, target velocity=1.7 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 45 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=9.8 m³/h, v_target=1.7 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=9.8/3600=0.002722 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001601 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04515 m ≈ 45 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.71 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=20 m², U=0.87 W/m²K, ΔT=30 K.
<|assistant|>
P ≈ 522.0 W (≈ 0.522 kW)
Details
- Given: A=20 m², U=0.87 W/(m²·K), ΔT=30 K
- Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
- Steps:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.87×20×30 = 522.0 W
- Sanity: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
- To finalize: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=3100 m³/h, target velocity=6.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø410 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=3100 m³/h, V_target=6.5 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 3100/3600 = 0.8611 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.8611/6.5 = 0.13248 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4107 m ≈ Ø410 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 6.52 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=2250 m³/h, target velocity=6 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø360 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=2250 m³/h, V_target=6 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 2250/3600 = 0.625 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.625/6 = 0.10417 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.3642 m ≈ Ø360 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 6.14 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=8.22 m³/h, target velocity=0.9 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 55 mm → suggest DN50 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=8.22/3600=0.002283 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.002537 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.05684 m ≈ 55 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.96 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=7.29 m³/h, target velocity=0.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=7.29 m³/h, v_target=0.5 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=7.29/3600=0.002025 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.00405 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.07181 m ≈ 70 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.53 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 70 mm → suggest DN65 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Compute outdoor air ventilation flow from people rate.
Occupancy=140 people, OA rate=10.0 L/s·person.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Outdoor air ≈ 1400.0 L/s (≈ 5040.0 m³/h)
How I got it
1) V̇ = N×rate = 140×10.0 = 1400.0 L/s
2) Convert: 1400.0×3.6 = 5040.0 m³/h
Assumptions
People component only; add area component if required by your code/standard.
Sanity check
Magnitude check: many rooms land in tens–hundreds L/s OA; verify with space type.
Need from you
Floor area, category, ventilation effectiveness, system type, local code mins.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=12 m², U=0.81 W/m²K, ΔT=10 K.
<|assistant|>
P ≈ 97.2 W (≈ 0.097 kW)
Details
- Given: A=12 m², U=0.81 W/(m²·K), ΔT=10 K
- Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
- Steps:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.81×12×10 = 97.2 W
- Sanity: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
- To finalize: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=4.99 m³/h, target velocity=1.0 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=4.99 m³/h, v_target=1.0 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=4.99/3600=0.001386 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001386 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04201 m ≈ 40 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.1 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 40 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=2425 m³/h, target velocity=4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Select round duct ≈ Ø460 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
How I got it
1) Convert: Q = 2425/3600 = 0.6736 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.6736/4 = 0.1684 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4631 m ≈ Ø460 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 4.05 m/s
Assumptions
Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Sanity check
Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Need from you
Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=6.78 m³/h, target velocity=1.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=6.78 m³/h, v_target=1.5 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=6.78/3600=0.001883 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001256 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.03998 m ≈ 40 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.5 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 40 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=12 m², U=0.91 W/m²K, ΔT=10 K.
<|assistant|>
P ≈ 109.2 W (≈ 0.109 kW)
Details
- Given: A=12 m², U=0.91 W/(m²·K), ΔT=10 K
- Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
- Steps:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.91×12×10 = 109.2 W
- Sanity: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
- To finalize: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=5.69 m³/h, target velocity=0.9 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 45 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=5.69/3600=0.001581 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001756 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04729 m ≈ 45 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.99 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=7.75 m³/h, target velocity=0.4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 85 mm → suggest DN80 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=7.75 m³/h, v_target=0.4 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=7.75/3600=0.002153 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.005382 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.08278 m ≈ 85 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.38 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=20 m², U=0.18 W/m²K, ΔT=8 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 28.8 W (≈ 0.029 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.18×20×8 = 28.8 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=25 m², U=0.76 W/m²K, ΔT=22 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 418.0 W (≈ 0.418 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.76×25×22 = 418.0 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=0.44 m³/h, target velocity=0.7 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 15 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=0.44/3600=0.000122 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000175 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.01491 m ≈ 15 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.69 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=7.26 m³/h, target velocity=0.9 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=7.26 m³/h, v_target=0.9 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=7.26/3600=0.002017 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.002241 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.05341 m ≈ 55 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.85 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 55 mm → suggest DN50 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=0.51 m³/h, target velocity=1.3 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 10 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=0.51 m³/h, v_target=1.3 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=0.51/3600=0.000142 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000109 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.01178 m ≈ 10 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.8 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=8 m², U=0.72 W/m²K, ΔT=30 K.
<|assistant|>
P ≈ 172.8 W (≈ 0.173 kW)
Details
- Given: A=8 m², U=0.72 W/(m²·K), ΔT=30 K
- Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
- Steps:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.72×8×30 = 172.8 W
- Sanity: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
- To finalize: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=10 m², U=0.18 W/m²K, ΔT=10 K.
<|assistant|>
Given: A=10 m², U=0.18 W/(m²·K), ΔT=10 K
Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Steps/Equations:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.18×10×10 = 18.0 W
Result: P ≈ 18.0 W (≈ 0.018 kW)
Sanity check: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Next info needed: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Compute outdoor air ventilation flow from people rate.
Occupancy=107 people, OA rate=15.0 L/s·person.
<|assistant|>
Given: N=107 people, rate=15.0 L/s·person
Assumptions: People component only; add area component if required by your code/standard.
Steps/Equations:
1) V̇ = N×rate = 107×15.0 = 1605.0 L/s
2) Convert: 1605.0×3.6 = 5778.0 m³/h
Result: Outdoor air ≈ 1605.0 L/s (≈ 5778.0 m³/h)
Sanity check: Magnitude check: many rooms land in tens–hundreds L/s OA; verify with space type.
Next info needed: Floor area, category, ventilation effectiveness, system type, local code mins.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=2075 m³/h, target velocity=4.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=2075 m³/h, V_target=4.5 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 2075/3600 = 0.5764 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.5764/4.5 = 0.12809 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4038 m ≈ Ø400 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 4.59 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø400 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=1.55 m³/h, target velocity=1.1 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 20 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=1.55/3600=0.000431 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000391 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.02232 m ≈ 20 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.37 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Compute outdoor air ventilation flow from people rate.
Occupancy=36 people, OA rate=8.5 L/s·person.
<|assistant|>
Given: N=36 people, rate=8.5 L/s·person
Assumptions: People component only; add area component if required by your code/standard.
Steps/Equations:
1) V̇ = N×rate = 36×8.5 = 306.0 L/s
2) Convert: 306.0×3.6 = 1102.0 m³/h
Result: Outdoor air ≈ 306.0 L/s (≈ 1102.0 m³/h)
Sanity check: Magnitude check: many rooms land in tens–hundreds L/s OA; verify with space type.
Next info needed: Floor area, category, ventilation effectiveness, system type, local code mins.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=40 m², U=0.57 W/m²K, ΔT=35 K.
<|assistant|>
Given: A=40 m², U=0.57 W/(m²·K), ΔT=35 K
Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Steps/Equations:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.57×40×35 = 798.0 W
Result: P ≈ 798.0 W (≈ 0.798 kW)
Sanity check: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Next info needed: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=3.34 m³/h, target velocity=1.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 30 mm → suggest DN25 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=3.34/3600=0.000928 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000619 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.02806 m ≈ 30 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.31 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Compute outdoor air ventilation flow from people rate.
Occupancy=57 people, OA rate=7.5 L/s·person.
<|assistant|>
Outdoor air ≈ 427.5 L/s (≈ 1539.0 m³/h)
Details
- Given: N=57 people, rate=7.5 L/s·person
- Assumptions: People component only; add area component if required by your code/standard.
- Steps:
1) V̇ = N×rate = 57×7.5 = 427.5 L/s
2) Convert: 427.5×3.6 = 1539.0 m³/h
- Sanity: Magnitude check: many rooms land in tens–hundreds L/s OA; verify with space type.
- To finalize: Floor area, category, ventilation effectiveness, system type, local code mins.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Compute outdoor air ventilation flow from people rate.
Occupancy=139 people, OA rate=8.5 L/s·person.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Outdoor air ≈ 1181.5 L/s (≈ 4253.0 m³/h)
How I got it
1) V̇ = N×rate = 139×8.5 = 1181.5 L/s
2) Convert: 1181.5×3.6 = 4253.0 m³/h
Assumptions
People component only; add area component if required by your code/standard.
Sanity check
Magnitude check: many rooms land in tens–hundreds L/s OA; verify with space type.
Need from you
Floor area, category, ventilation effectiveness, system type, local code mins.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=8.15 m³/h, target velocity=1.2 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 50 mm → suggest DN50 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=8.15/3600=0.002264 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001887 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04901 m ≈ 50 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.15 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=2.23 m³/h, target velocity=1.1 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 25 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=2.23 m³/h, v_target=1.1 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=2.23/3600=0.000619 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000563 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.02678 m ≈ 25 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.26 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=12 m², U=0.7 W/m²K, ΔT=28 K.
<|assistant|>
Given: A=12 m², U=0.7 W/(m²·K), ΔT=28 K
Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Steps/Equations:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.7×12×28 = 235.2 W
Result: P ≈ 235.2 W (≈ 0.235 kW)
Sanity check: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Next info needed: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=6 m², U=0.25 W/m²K, ΔT=30 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 45.0 W (≈ 0.045 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.25×6×30 = 45.0 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=2.28 m³/h, target velocity=1.3 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=2.28 m³/h, v_target=1.3 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=2.28/3600=0.000633 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000487 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.02491 m ≈ 25 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.29 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 25 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate water flow rate from load and water ΔT.
Load=20 kW, water ΔT=8 K.
<|assistant|>
Given: P=20 kW, ΔT=8 K
Assumptions: Water ρ≈1000 kg/m³, cp≈4186 J/(kg·K); steady-state.
Steps/Equations:
1) P = ρ·cp·V̇·ΔT
2) V̇ = P/(ρ·cp·ΔT) = 20000/(1000×4186×8) = 0.000597 m³/s
3) Convert: 2.15 m³/h
Result: Water flow V̇ ≈ 2.15 m³/h
Sanity check: Typical coil flows often ~0.2–5 m³/h (but higher is possible). Check chosen ΔT.
Next info needed: Pipe/fittings, coil drop, valve type, allowable Pa/m, glycol %, pump selection.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=4850 m³/h, target velocity=8 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø460 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=4850 m³/h, V_target=8 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 4850/3600 = 1.3472 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.3472/8 = 0.1684 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4631 m ≈ Ø460 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 8.11 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Compute outdoor air ventilation flow from people rate.
Occupancy=18 people, OA rate=12.5 L/s·person.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Outdoor air ≈ 225.0 L/s (≈ 810.0 m³/h)
How I got it
1) V̇ = N×rate = 18×12.5 = 225.0 L/s
2) Convert: 225.0×3.6 = 810.0 m³/h
Assumptions
People component only; add area component if required by your code/standard.
Sanity check
Magnitude check: many rooms land in tens–hundreds L/s OA; verify with space type.
Need from you
Floor area, category, ventilation effectiveness, system type, local code mins.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=6.29 m³/h, target velocity=1.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 40 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=6.29/3600=0.001747 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001165 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.03851 m ≈ 40 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.39 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=8.62 m³/h, target velocity=0.6 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 70 mm → suggest DN65 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=8.62/3600=0.002394 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.003991 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.07128 m ≈ 70 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.62 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=20 m², U=0.57 W/m²K, ΔT=30 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 342.0 W (≈ 0.342 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.57×20×30 = 342.0 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=8 m², U=1.13 W/m²K, ΔT=18 K.
<|assistant|>
P ≈ 162.7 W (≈ 0.163 kW)
Details
- Given: A=8 m², U=1.13 W/(m²·K), ΔT=18 K
- Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
- Steps:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 1.13×8×18 = 162.7 W
- Sanity: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
- To finalize: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=5.3 m³/h, target velocity=1.0 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 45 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=5.3/3600=0.001472 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001472 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.0433 m ≈ 45 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.93 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=8 m², U=0.98 W/m²K, ΔT=20 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 156.8 W (≈ 0.157 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.98×8×20 = 156.8 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=675 m³/h, target velocity=7 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=675 m³/h, V_target=7 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 675/3600 = 0.1875 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.1875/7 = 0.02679 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.1847 m ≈ Ø180 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 7.37 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø180 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=15 m², U=0.15 W/m²K, ΔT=10 K.
<|assistant|>
P ≈ 22.5 W (≈ 0.022 kW)
Details
- Given: A=15 m², U=0.15 W/(m²·K), ΔT=10 K
- Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
- Steps:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.15×15×10 = 22.5 W
- Sanity: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
- To finalize: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=4.2 m³/h, target velocity=1.7 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 30 mm → suggest DN25 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=4.2 m³/h, v_target=1.7 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=4.2/3600=0.001167 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000686 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.02956 m ≈ 30 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.65 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=0.56 m³/h, target velocity=1.1 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=0.56 m³/h, v_target=1.1 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=0.56/3600=0.000156 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000141 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.01342 m ≈ 15 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.88 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 15 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=3.97 m³/h, target velocity=0.4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 60 mm → suggest DN65 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=3.97/3600=0.001103 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.002757 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.05925 m ≈ 60 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.39 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=1250 m³/h, target velocity=7 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø250 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=1250 m³/h, V_target=7 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 1250/3600 = 0.3472 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.3472/7 = 0.0496 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.2513 m ≈ Ø250 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 7.07 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=4250 m³/h, target velocity=4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Select round duct ≈ Ø610 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
How I got it
1) Convert: Q = 4250/3600 = 1.1806 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.1806/4 = 0.29514 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.613 m ≈ Ø610 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 4.04 m/s
Assumptions
Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Sanity check
Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Need from you
Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round duct. Airflow=0.25 m³/h, target velocity=5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Unit mismatch suspected — I can’t size the duct until the airflow units are confirmed.
How I got it
1) Plausibility check: 0.25 m³/h is extremely small (≈0.07 L/s) and not realistic for HVAC.
2) Suspect unit mix-up: maybe 0.25 m³/s (not m³/h).
3) If it's m³/s, convert to m³/h: 0.25×3600 ≈ 900 m³/h.
4) Ask for unit confirmation before selecting duct size.
Assumptions
Do not proceed with sizing until units are confirmed.
Sanity check
Typical room supply flows are tens–thousands of m³/h; 0.25 m³/h is essentially zero.
Need from you
Confirm units: is airflow 0.25 m³/s or 0.25 m³/h?
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=575 m³/h, target velocity=6.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=575 m³/h, V_target=6.5 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 575/3600 = 0.1597 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.1597/6.5 = 0.02457 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.1769 m ≈ Ø180 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 6.28 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø180 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate water flow rate from load and water ΔT.
Load=60 kW, water ΔT=15 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Water flow V̇ ≈ 3.44 m³/h
How I got it
1) P = ρ·cp·V̇·ΔT
2) V̇ = P/(ρ·cp·ΔT) = 60000/(1000×4186×15) = 0.000956 m³/s
3) Convert: 3.44 m³/h
Assumptions
Water ρ≈1000 kg/m³, cp≈4186 J/(kg·K); steady-state.
Sanity check
Typical coil flows often ~0.2–5 m³/h (but higher is possible). Check chosen ΔT.
Need from you
Pipe/fittings, coil drop, valve type, allowable Pa/m, glycol %, pump selection.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=40 m², U=1.1 W/m²K, ΔT=28 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 1232.0 W (≈ 1.232 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 1.1×40×28 = 1232.0 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=20 m², U=0.32 W/m²K, ΔT=8 K.
<|assistant|>
Given: A=20 m², U=0.32 W/(m²·K), ΔT=8 K
Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Steps/Equations:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.32×20×8 = 51.2 W
Result: P ≈ 51.2 W (≈ 0.051 kW)
Sanity check: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Next info needed: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=40 m², U=0.85 W/m²K, ΔT=28 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 952.0 W (≈ 0.952 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.85×40×28 = 952.0 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate water flow rate from load and water ΔT.
Load=5 kW, water ΔT=10 K.
<|assistant|>
Water flow V̇ ≈ 0.43 m³/h
Details
- Given: P=5 kW, ΔT=10 K
- Assumptions: Water ρ≈1000 kg/m³, cp≈4186 J/(kg·K); steady-state.
- Steps:
1) P = ρ·cp·V̇·ΔT
2) V̇ = P/(ρ·cp·ΔT) = 5000/(1000×4186×10) = 0.000119 m³/s
3) Convert: 0.43 m³/h
- Sanity: Typical coil flows often ~0.2–5 m³/h (but higher is possible). Check chosen ΔT.
- To finalize: Pipe/fittings, coil drop, valve type, allowable Pa/m, glycol %, pump selection.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=3575 m³/h, target velocity=5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø500 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=3575 m³/h, V_target=5 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 3575/3600 = 0.9931 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.9931/5 = 0.19861 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.5029 m ≈ Ø500 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 5.06 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=3550 m³/h, target velocity=7.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=3550 m³/h, V_target=7.5 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 3550/3600 = 0.9861 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.9861/7.5 = 0.13148 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4092 m ≈ Ø410 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 7.47 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø410 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=8 m², U=0.39 W/m²K, ΔT=20 K.
<|assistant|>
Given: A=8 m², U=0.39 W/(m²·K), ΔT=20 K
Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Steps/Equations:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.39×8×20 = 62.4 W
Result: P ≈ 62.4 W (≈ 0.062 kW)
Sanity check: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Next info needed: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=3700 m³/h, target velocity=6 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=3700 m³/h, V_target=6 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 3700/3600 = 1.0278 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.0278/6 = 0.1713 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.467 m ≈ Ø470 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 5.92 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø470 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=4175 m³/h, target velocity=4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=4175 m³/h, V_target=4 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 4175/3600 = 1.1597 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.1597/4 = 0.28993 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.6076 m ≈ Ø610 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 3.97 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø610 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=7.16 m³/h, target velocity=0.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 70 mm → suggest DN65 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=7.16 m³/h, v_target=0.5 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=7.16/3600=0.001989 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.003978 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.07117 m ≈ 70 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.52 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=1275 m³/h, target velocity=3.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø360 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=1275 m³/h, V_target=3.5 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 1275/3600 = 0.3542 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.3542/3.5 = 0.10119 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.3589 m ≈ Ø360 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 3.48 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=0.81 m³/h, target velocity=1.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 15 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=0.81/3600=0.000225 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.00015 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.01382 m ≈ 15 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.27 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=4450 m³/h, target velocity=6.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Select round duct ≈ Ø490 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
How I got it
1) Convert: Q = 4450/3600 = 1.2361 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.2361/6.5 = 0.19017 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4921 m ≈ Ø490 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 6.56 m/s
Assumptions
Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Sanity check
Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Need from you
Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=6 m², U=0.94 W/m²K, ΔT=28 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 157.9 W (≈ 0.158 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.94×6×28 = 157.9 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=80 m², U=0.17 W/m²K, ΔT=10 K.
<|assistant|>
Given: A=80 m², U=0.17 W/(m²·K), ΔT=10 K
Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Steps/Equations:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.17×80×10 = 136.0 W
Result: P ≈ 136.0 W (≈ 0.136 kW)
Sanity check: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Next info needed: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=4350 m³/h, target velocity=7.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Select round duct ≈ Ø450 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
How I got it
1) Convert: Q = 4350/3600 = 1.2083 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.2083/7.5 = 0.16111 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4529 m ≈ Ø450 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 7.6 m/s
Assumptions
Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Sanity check
Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Need from you
Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=2975 m³/h, target velocity=6 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø420 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=2975 m³/h, V_target=6 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 2975/3600 = 0.8264 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.8264/6 = 0.13773 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4188 m ≈ Ø420 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 5.96 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=7.58 m³/h, target velocity=0.7 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 60 mm → suggest DN65 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=7.58 m³/h, v_target=0.7 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=7.58/3600=0.002106 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.003008 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.06189 m ≈ 60 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.74 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=5.11 m³/h, target velocity=0.8 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 50 mm → suggest DN50 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=5.11 m³/h, v_target=0.8 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=5.11/3600=0.001419 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001774 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04753 m ≈ 50 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.72 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=20 m², U=0.88 W/m²K, ΔT=18 K.
<|assistant|>
Given: A=20 m², U=0.88 W/(m²·K), ΔT=18 K
Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Steps/Equations:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.88×20×18 = 316.8 W
Result: P ≈ 316.8 W (≈ 0.317 kW)
Sanity check: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Next info needed: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=4.75 m³/h, target velocity=1.0 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 40 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=4.75 m³/h, v_target=1.0 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=4.75/3600=0.001319 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001319 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04099 m ≈ 40 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.05 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate water flow for a coil. Load=50 kW, water ΔT=1 K.
<|assistant|>
ΔT=1 K causes an impractically high flow (≈ 43.0 m³/h). Consider a higher design ΔT.
Details
- Given: P=50 kW, ΔT=1 K
- Assumptions: Very low ΔT causes very high flow; verify whether this is intentional.
- Steps:
1) V̇ = P/(ρ·cp·ΔT)
2) With ΔT=1 K: V̇ ≈ 43.0 m³/h (very high)
3) Compare with typical hydronic ΔT (e.g., 5–10 K) to reduce flow and pumping.
4) Recommend revisiting design ΔT unless there's a strong reason.
- Sanity: High flow increases pipe size, pump power, control issues, and noise risk.
- To finalize: Confirm design temps, coil selection basis, and whether ΔT=1 K is truly required.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate water flow rate from load and water ΔT.
Load=15 kW, water ΔT=8 K.
<|assistant|>
Water flow V̇ ≈ 1.613 m³/h
Details
- Given: P=15 kW, ΔT=8 K
- Assumptions: Water ρ≈1000 kg/m³, cp≈4186 J/(kg·K); steady-state.
- Steps:
1) P = ρ·cp·V̇·ΔT
2) V̇ = P/(ρ·cp·ΔT) = 15000/(1000×4186×8) = 0.000448 m³/s
3) Convert: 1.613 m³/h
- Sanity: Typical coil flows often ~0.2–5 m³/h (but higher is possible). Check chosen ΔT.
- To finalize: Pipe/fittings, coil drop, valve type, allowable Pa/m, glycol %, pump selection.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=5.84 m³/h, target velocity=0.9 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 50 mm → suggest DN50 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=5.84/3600=0.001622 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001802 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04791 m ≈ 50 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.83 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=1.05 m³/h, target velocity=1.3 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 15 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=1.05 m³/h, v_target=1.3 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=1.05/3600=0.000292 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.000224 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.0169 m ≈ 15 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.65 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=3050 m³/h, target velocity=4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø520 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=3050 m³/h, V_target=4 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 3050/3600 = 0.8472 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.8472/4 = 0.21181 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.5193 m ≈ Ø520 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 3.99 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=7.7 m³/h, target velocity=1.3 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 45 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=7.7/3600=0.002139 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001645 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04577 m ≈ 45 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.34 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=3800 m³/h, target velocity=5.5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Select round duct ≈ Ø490 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
How I got it
1) Convert: Q = 3800/3600 = 1.0556 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 1.0556/5.5 = 0.19192 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4943 m ≈ Ø490 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 5.6 m/s
Assumptions
Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Sanity check
Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Need from you
Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=2925 m³/h, target velocity=6 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=2925 m³/h, V_target=6 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 2925/3600 = 0.8125 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.8125/6 = 0.13542 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4152 m ≈ Ø420 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 5.86 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø420 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=2450 m³/h, target velocity=5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø420 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=2450 m³/h, V_target=5 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 2450/3600 = 0.6806 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.6806/5 = 0.13611 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.4163 m ≈ Ø420 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 4.91 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=8.18 m³/h, target velocity=1.7 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=8.18 m³/h, v_target=1.7 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=8.18/3600=0.002272 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001337 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04125 m ≈ 40 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.81 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 40 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=20 m², U=0.58 W/m²K, ΔT=28 K.
<|assistant|>
P ≈ 324.8 W (≈ 0.325 kW)
Details
- Given: A=20 m², U=0.58 W/(m²·K), ΔT=28 K
- Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
- Steps:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.58×20×28 = 324.8 W
- Sanity: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
- To finalize: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=9.72 m³/h, target velocity=0.4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Pre-size ID ≈ 95 mm → suggest Choose nearest DN after checking actual schedule ID. Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
How I got it
1) Convert: V̇=9.72/3600=0.0027 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.00675 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.09271 m ≈ 95 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.38 m/s
Assumptions
Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Sanity check
Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Need from you
Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=25 m², U=0.71 W/m²K, ΔT=35 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 621.2 W (≈ 0.621 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.71×25×35 = 621.2 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=1625 m³/h, target velocity=5 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Select round duct ≈ Ø340 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Details
- Given: Q=1625 m³/h, V_target=5 m/s
- Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
- Steps:
1) Convert: Q = 1625/3600 = 0.4514 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.4514/5 = 0.09028 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.339 m ≈ Ø340 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 4.97 m/s
- Sanity: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
- To finalize: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=80 m², U=1.03 W/m²K, ΔT=8 K.
<|assistant|>
P ≈ 659.2 W (≈ 0.659 kW)
Details
- Given: A=80 m², U=1.03 W/(m²·K), ΔT=8 K
- Assumptions: Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
- Steps:
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 1.03×80×8 = 659.2 W
- Sanity: Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
- To finalize: For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=6.29 m³/h, target velocity=0.6 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Pre-size ID ≈ 60 mm → suggest DN65 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Details
- Given: V̇=6.29 m³/h, v_target=0.6 m/s
- Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
- Steps:
1) Convert: V̇=6.29/3600=0.001747 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.002912 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.06089 m ≈ 60 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.62 m/s
- Sanity: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
- To finalize: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=5.36 m³/h, target velocity=0.4 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=5.36 m³/h, v_target=0.4 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=5.36/3600=0.001489 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.003722 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.06884 m ≈ 70 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈0.39 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 70 mm → suggest DN65 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Compute outdoor air ventilation flow from people rate.
Occupancy=72 people, OA rate=7.5 L/s·person.
<|assistant|>
Answer
Outdoor air ≈ 540.0 L/s (≈ 1944.0 m³/h)
How I got it
1) V̇ = N×rate = 72×7.5 = 540.0 L/s
2) Convert: 540.0×3.6 = 1944.0 m³/h
Assumptions
People component only; add area component if required by your code/standard.
Sanity check
Magnitude check: many rooms land in tens–hundreds L/s OA; verify with space type.
Need from you
Floor area, category, ventilation effectiveness, system type, local code mins.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size a round air duct (quick sizing).
Airflow=750 m³/h, target velocity=8 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: Q=750 m³/h, V_target=8 m/s
Assumptions: Standard air; pick nearest available diameter; final sizing must check pressure drop & noise.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: Q = 750/3600 = 0.2083 m³/s
2) Area: A = Q/V = 0.2083/8 = 0.02604 m²
3) Diameter: d = √(4A/π) = 0.1821 m ≈ Ø180 mm
4) Check: V ≈ 8.19 m/s
Result: Select round duct ≈ Ø180 mm (then check pressure loss + fittings).
Sanity check: Typical velocities: ~4–8 m/s mains; ~2–5 m/s near terminals for noise/comfort.
Next info needed: Route length, fittings list, filter/coil drops, terminal pressure, noise limit, fan curve.
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Size the supply duct. Airflow=700 m³/h. Keep it quiet. Use velocity 15 m/s.
<|assistant|>
I would NOT design a quiet-space supply duct at 15 m/s. Use a lower velocity target.
Details
- Given: Q=700 m³/h, requested V=15 m/s (quiet occupied space)
- Assumptions: Prioritize acoustic comfort; do not blindly apply unrealistic velocity targets.
- Steps:
1) If you size to 15 m/s, diameter is around Ø130 mm.
2) But 15 m/s is typically too high for quiet occupied spaces (noise + pressure drop).
3) Suggest typical targets: ~3–6 m/s mains, ~2–4 m/s branches near diffusers.
4) Re-size using a lower target after confirming constraints.
- Sanity: Higher velocity increases noise and pressure losses sharply; comfort usually wins.
- To finalize: Is this a main trunk or a branch? What’s the noise criterion (NC/NR) and available static pressure?
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<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Calculate steady-state heat loss.
Element: wall. Area=25 m², U=0.63 W/m²K, ΔT=20 K.
<|assistant|>
Answer
P ≈ 315.0 W (≈ 0.315 kW)
How I got it
1) P = U·A·ΔT
2) P = 0.63×25×20 = 315.0 W
Assumptions
Steady-state conduction; U includes surface films; ignore thermal bridges unless stated.
Sanity check
Order check: tens of W (small) to a few kW (large element) is plausible; verify U and ΔT.
Need from you
For space load: infiltration, internal gains, solar gains, ventilation, design temps.
|
<|system|>
You are a building engineering assistant. Be precise with units. State assumptions. Show steps/equations. Do a quick sanity check. If critical inputs are missing, ask targeted questions.
<|user|>
Estimate pipe internal diameter (pre-sizing).
Water flow=6.33 m³/h, target velocity=1.2 m/s.
<|assistant|>
Given: V̇=6.33 m³/h, v_target=1.2 m/s
Assumptions: Velocity method is first pass; final selection must check pressure drop and schedule IDs.
Steps/Equations:
1) Convert: V̇=6.33/3600=0.001758 m³/s
2) Area: A=V̇/v=0.001465 m²
3) ID: d=√(4A/π)=0.04319 m ≈ 45 mm
4) Check velocity: v≈1.11 m/s
Result: Pre-size ID ≈ 45 mm → suggest DN40 (approx). Verify exact ID for chosen schedule.
Sanity check: Hydronic velocities often ~0.6–1.5 m/s; lower helps noise/erosion control.
Next info needed: Material/roughness, allowable Pa/m, temperature, glycol %, noise constraints, availability.
|
End of preview. Expand
in Data Studio
synthetic-hvac-engineering-precheck (v0.1)
Scope
Programmatically generated Q/A pairs for building-services quick checks (HVAC/hydronics). Focus is on:
- unit hygiene (explicit conversions)
- deterministic equations and step-by-step workflows
- basic sanity checks and “missing inputs” prompts
This is pre-design / pre-check material. It is not a substitute for code-compliant design or professional sign-off.
Data
Each row is a JSON object with a single field:
text: a single string containing<|system|>,<|user|>,<|assistant|>blocks.
The assistant responses are formatted to include:
- Given
- Assumptions
- Steps/Equations
- Result
- Sanity check
- Next info needed
What’s in it
Generated tasks include:
- steady-state heat loss:
P = U·A·ΔT - round duct sizing from flow + target velocity
- ventilation flow from people rate
- hydronic flow from load + ΔT:
P = ρ·cp·V̇·ΔT - pipe ID pre-sizing from flow + target velocity
- unit/constraints traps and missing-input checks
Provenance
All samples are synthetic and produced by deterministic Python scripts (parameter sampling + closed-form calculations). No real project data or proprietary sources.
Files
train.jsonlvalid.jsonl
Limitations
- simplified physics (steady-state, idealized assumptions)
- not tied to any specific standard (ASHRAE/EN/ISO) or manufacturer data
- unit-sanity/trap coverage is partial in v0.1 (expanded in later versions)
Version
- v0.1: initial release
- Downloads last month
- 9