zenless-lab/wikicorpus · Datasets at Hugging Face

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The Ezo republic that was built in January 1869 was a familiar name of the Ezo Island Government, a political power belonging to Sabaku-ha which existed for a short time in Ezochi (inhabited area of Ainu) (Hokkaido). It ruined due to the end of the Battle of Hakodate on May 18, 1869.	蝦夷共和国（えぞきょうわこく）は、明治元年12月（1869年1月）に成立し、蝦夷地（北海道）に短期間存在した佐幕派の政権である蝦夷島政府に対する俗称である。明治2年5月18日、箱館戦争終結によって消滅した。
Koka fifty-three families refers to jizamurai (local samurai) fifty-three families in Koka, who stood by Rokkaku clan's side in 'Siege of Magari,' who later became the center families of Koga-ryu school ninjutsu (ninja techniques).	甲賀五十三家（こうがごじゅうさんけ）は、「鈎の陣」にて六角氏に味方した甲賀の地侍五十三家のことであり、後の甲賀流忍術の中心となった家々である。
The Yamanaka family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Toshifusa YAMANAKA, Nagatoshi YAMANAKA, Toshiyoshi YAMANAKA, Judaifu YAMANAKA, Toshisada YAMANAKA and Toshimasa YAMANAKA.	山中家 - 一族の著名人物として山中俊房・山中長俊・山中俊好・山中十太夫・山中俊定・山中俊正がいる。
The Ban family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Choshin BAN and Gohei BAN.	伴家 - 一族の著名人物として伴長信・伴五兵衛がいる。
The Minobe family. The Kurokawa family - As the famous person in the family, there was Yoshiro KUROKAWA, Kurokawa-ryu school.	美濃部家黒川家 - 一族の著名人物として黒川与四郎がいる. 黒川流。
The Tongu family. The Oono family. The Iwamuro family. The Akutagawa family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Shichirobe AKUTAGAWA and Seiemon AKUTAGAWA.	頓宮家大野家岩室家芥川家 - 一族の著名人物として芥川七郎兵衛・芥川清右衛門がいる。
The Oki family. The Saji family - As the famous person in the family, there was Saburo SAJI.	隠岐家佐治家 - 一族の著名人物として佐治三郎がいる。
The Jinbo family. The Okawara family. The Ohara family - As the famous person in the family, there was Keishun SHINOYAMA.	神保家大河原家大原家 - 一族の著名人物として篠山景春がいる。
The Wada family - As the famous person in the family, there was Koremasa WADA.	和田家 - 一族の著名人物として和田惟政がいる。
The Ueno family. The Takamine family. The Ikeda family. The Taki family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Kazuuji NAKAMURA, Kanpachi TAKI and Hida no kami TAKI.	上野家高峰家池田家多喜(滝)家 - 一族の著名人物として中村一氏・多喜勘八・瀧飛騨守がいる。
The Ukai family. The Naiki family. The Hattori family. The Koizumi family. The Kuraji family. The Natsumi family - As the famous person in the family, there was Kakusuke NATSUMI.	鵜飼家内貴家服部家小泉家倉治家夏見家 - 一族の著名人物として夏見角助がいる。
The Sugitani family - As the famous person in the family, there was Zenjubo SUGITANI.	杉谷家 - 一族の著名人物として杉谷善住坊がいる。
The Hari family. The Ogawa family. The Okubo family. The Ueda family. The Noda family. The Iwane family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Kanbe IWANE and Jinzaemon IWANE.	針家小川家大久保家上田家野田家岩根家 - 一族の著名人物として岩根勘兵衛・岩根甚左衛門がいる。
The Shinjo family. The Aoki family. The Miyajima family. The Sugiyama family. The Katsuragi family. The Mikumo family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Narimochi MIKUMO and Narinaga MIKUMO.	新城家青木家宮島家杉山家葛城家三雲家 - 一族の著名人物として三雲成持・三雲成長がいる。
The Mochizuki clan, Koga Mochizuki clan (Omi Province) - As the famous persons in the family, there were Yoshimune MOCHIZUKI, Hyotayu MOCHIZUKI and Yoemon MOCHIZUKI.	望月氏甲賀望月氏（近江国） - 一族の著名人物として望月吉棟・望月兵太夫・望月与右衛門がいる。
The Makimura family. The Yata family. The Takano family. The Kamiyama family. The Takayama family - In one theory, Tomoteru TAKAYAMA and Ukon TAKAYAMA came from this Takayama family.	牧村家八田家高野家上山家高山家 - 一説には高山友照と高山右近はこの高山家の出身。
The Morita family. The Saga family. The Torii family. The Hirako family. The Tarao family - As the famous person in the family, there was Mitsutoshi (Mitsuhiro) TARAO.	守田家嶬峨家鳥居家平子家多羅尾家 - 一族の著名人物として多羅尾光俊(光弘)がいる。
The Tsuchiyama family. The Yamagami family. The Aeba family - As the famous person in the family, there was Kawachi no kami (Aeba clan) AEBA.	土山家山上家饗庭家 - 一族の著名人物として饗庭河内守（饗庭氏）がいる。
The Nagano family. The Nakayama family.	長野家中山家
Naginata (wielding techniques) is a modern martial art, using a wooden or bamboo sword which looks like the old Japanese weapon called "naginata" (originally, a pole with a wood shaft and a curved blade on its end).	なぎなた（薙刀）とは、日本の古い武器である薙刀の木刀及び竹刀に似たなぎなたを使った現代武道。
Naginata wielding techniques are generally imagined to be women's martial art, but they are also used by men.	一般に女性の武道というイメージが強いが、なぎなたは男性も行うことが出来る。
Kobushichishoku refers to a collective name of craftsmen engaged in seven processes in manufacturing the Hikone Buddhist altar.	工部七職（こうぶしちしょく）とは彦根仏壇の製造における、7種の工程の職人の総称。
A craftsman engaged in each process is as follows.	それぞれの工程の職人は次の通り
Kijishi (woodturner)	木地師（きじし）
Nushi (lacquer painter)	塗師（ぬし）
Kinpakuoshishi (craftsman sticking gold leaf)	金箔押師（きんぱくおしし）
Kudenshi (craftsman assembling small handmade pieces into a roof)	宮殿師（くうでんし）
Chokokushi (sculptor)	彫刻師（ちょうこくし）
Makieshi (craftsman sprinkling gold or silver power, or placing shell on each lacquered part of Buddhist altar)	蒔絵師（まきえし）
Kazarikanagushi (chaser)	錺金具師（かざりかなぐし）
The Yokooji family house is a historical example of architecture located in Kaminofu, Shingu-machi, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture. It is one of the oldest traditional farmhouses in the Kyushu region, and it is designated a national Important Cultural Property. It is commonly called Sennenya (literally, thousand-year-old house).	横大路家住宅（よこおおじけじゅうたく）は福岡県糟屋郡新宮町上府にある歴史的建造物。九州最古級といわれる古民家建築で、国の重要文化財に指定されている。「千年家」の通称をもつ。
It is a magariya (bent house) with a thatched roof supposedly constructed in the early Edo period (mid-seventeenth century), but there are no extant materials that indicate the exact period of the construction.	茅葺屋根の曲家で江戸時代前期（17世紀半ば）の建築ではないかと考えられているが、明確な建築年代を示す史料は残っていない。
Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine is a Shinto shrine located in Fushimi-ku Ward, Kyoto City. It is the head shrine of the approximately 40,000 shrines around the country that enshrine the Inari-shin (the god of harvest). The main hall is situated at the foot of Mt. Inari and the shrine precinct is considered to consist of the entire mountain.	伏見稲荷大社（ふしみいなりたいしゃ）は京都市伏見区にある神社である。稲荷神を祀る全国約4万社の稲荷神の総本宮である。稲荷山の麓に本殿があり、稲荷山全体を神域とする。
The shrine is Shikinai-sha (Myojin Taisha) (shrine listed in Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) laws), one of the upper seven of the Twenty-Two Shrines, and was classified as a Kanpei Taisha (the first rank of government supported shrines) under the former shrine ranking system	式内社（名神大）、二十二社の上七社の一社で、旧社格は官幣大社。
The main enshrined deity is Ukano Mitamano Okami, which is enshrined along with Satahikono Okami, Omiyanomeno Okami, Tanakano Okami and Shino Okami. As the god of agriculture, Inari is believed to grant abundant harvests, prosperous business and traffic safety.	ウカノミタマ（うかのみたまのおおかみ）を主祭神とし、佐田彦大神、大宮能売大神、田中大神、四大神を配祀する。稲荷神が農業の神であるために、五穀豊穰・商売繁盛・交通安全といったご利益がある。
In 2008, approximately 2,690,000 people visited it for Hatsumode (New Year's visit to a shrine or a temple) during the first three days of the New Year - the most of any temple or shrine in the Kansai region. This figure was released by the National Police Agency.	2008年の初詣（正月三が日）の参拝者数は約269万人で、関西の社寺では最も多かった。（警察庁発表による）
Nobutoyo SHIBAYAMA (formerly Nobutoyo KAJUJI, Minister of the Treasury, April 25, 1612 to March 23, 1690) was a court noble (high court noble) in the early Edo period.	芝山宣豊（しばやまのぶとよ、はじめ、大蔵卿・勧修寺宣豊、慶長17年3月25日 (旧暦)（1612年4月25日） - 元禄3年2月13日 (旧暦)（1690年3月23日））は、江戸時代初期の公家（公卿）。
He was the first generation family head of the SHIBAYAMA family (whose social standing was a distinguished family (court noble), illegitimate family lineage of Kajuji of the Takafuji group of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan), which was under the Tosho Family (the hereditary lineage of Court nobles occupying relatively high ranks).	堂上家（家格は名家 (公家)、藤原氏北家高藤流勧修寺庶流）である芝山家の初代。
After that, Junnyo assumed daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order) by Imperial order in 1608 and made efforts to broaden the influence of Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, building Tsumura Betsuin branch temple in Osaka and Tsukiji Betsuin branch temple in Edo.	その後、准如は1608年に勅命により大僧正となり、大坂に津村別院を、江戸に築地別院を建立して西本願寺の拡大に努めた。
Uchitachi is a term used in martial arts, especially in swordplay and budo (Japanese martial arts) such as in the Japanese art of fencing. The term "uchitachi" indicates a person who has the role of being defeated by a shidachi, or to defend against that shidachi's techniques, in kata (standard form of a movement or posture) practice.	打太刀（うちたち）とは、武術（特に剣術）、武道（特に剣道）において用いられる用語の一つ。型（形）を行う際に仕太刀に倒される（技を受ける）役の人物を意味する。
In Nihon Kendo Kata, the uchitachi is not only defeated but also plays the role of an instructor who always moves one step earlier to draw out the shidachi's attack movement and, though all uchitachi's techniques are designed to evade attack, he may also initiate movement to attack.	日本剣道形では単に倒されるだけでなく、常に一瞬早く動き仕太刀の動作を引き出してやる師匠役でもあり、また、全て避けられることになっているとは言え打太刀からも技を打つ。
The Saeki clan was a powerful clan in ancient Japan.	佐伯氏（さえきし）は古代日本の有力氏族である。
Origin of the clan It had been believed that the Saeki clan was descendents of a god, Ame no Oshihi no Mikoto who had guided the way for Ninigi no Mikoto (the Prince of fertile rice-ears) when a god Ninigi no Mikoto had come down to the earth (the occasion has been called "Tenson Korin"). They separated from the Otomo clan in the era of OTOMO no Muroya.	出自天孫降臨の時にニニギを先導した天忍日命（あめのおしひのみこと）を祖とし、神別氏族である。大伴室屋の時に大伴氏から別れた氏族である。
SAEKI no Obito SAEKI no Obito was recorded in the volume of Shinbetsu, Kawachi Province of "Shinsen Shoji-roku."	佐伯首佐伯首（-おびと）は、『新撰姓氏録』河内国神別に見える。
The Heiminsha published the weekly "Heimin-shinbun" (Commoners' newspaper) and it was published from the 1st issue on November 15, 1903 to the 64th issue on January 29, 1905.	平民社は、週刊『平民新聞』を発行し、同紙は、1903年11月15日発行の第1号から、1905年1月29日発行の第64号まで刊行された。
In the 53rd issue of the weekly "Heimin-shinbun" (November 13,1904) the "Communist Party Declaration" was translated and published by SAKAI and KOTOKU as the first anniversary after the first issue. The English version made by Samuel MOORE was translated into Japanese. It was the first translation of "Communist Party Declaration" in Japan.	週刊『平民新聞』第53号（1904年11月13日）には、新聞創刊1周年の記念として、堺と幸徳の共訳で『共産党宣言』が訳載された。翻訳はサミュエル・ムーア訳の英語訳からの重訳。日本における最初の『共産党宣言』の翻訳であった。
His origin and personal history are unknown, but it is said that he was a monk on Mt. Hiei (the Tendai Sect), who also served as betto (administrator) at Gion. Then, he is said to have retired to Ohara and lived in Urin-in Temple in his later years. According to one theory, he died around the age of sixty-five during the Kohei era (1058-1065).	出自・経歴については不明であるが、比叡山（天台宗）の僧で祇園別当となったと言われている。また、その後は大原に隠棲し、晩年は雲林院に住んだといわれている。一説では、康平年間（1058年－1065年）に65歳ぐらいで没したともいわれている。
His poet friends were KAMO no Narisuke, TSUMORI no Kunimoto, TACHIBANA no Tamenaka, and Soi Hoshi (priest). He joined several uta-awase (poetry contest) such as 'Gon Dainagon (chief councilor of state) Morofusa Family Uta-awase' held in September 1038. He apparently made a personal collection of poetry called 'Ryozen Uchigiki,' but it does not exist at the present time.	歌人の友として、賀茂成助・津守国基・橘為仲・素意法師などがいた。 1038年（長暦2年）9月の「権大納言師房家歌合」などいくつかの歌合に出詠している。「良暹打聞」という私撰集を編んだというが現存していない。
His poems were collected in the 'Goshui Wakashu' (Later Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poetry) and other Chokusen Wakashu (anthology of Japanese poetry compiled by the Imperial command).	歌は「後拾遺和歌集」以下の勅撰和歌集に入集している。
Hyakunin Isshu (One Hundred Waka Poems By One Hundred Poets) No. 70 When I feel lonely, I go outside of my hut, but everywhere I look is the same evening in autumn. ('Goshui Wakashu' the first volume of the Autumn, No. 333)	百人一首 70番　さびしさに　宿をたち出でて　ながむれば　いづくも同じ　秋の夕暮れ　良暹法師（「後拾遺和歌集」秋上333）
Tenpo-Oban refers to a large-sized gold coin issued from August 13, 1838. It was not issued because of currency reform, and it was similar in shape to and close in gold quality to Kyoho-Oban (large-sized coin of the Kyoho era), and was also called fukimashi Oban or fukitsugi Oban.	天保大判（てんぽうおおばん）とは天保9年（1838年）6月24日より発行された大判である。吹替え（改鋳）によるものではなく、享保大判と同形式であり金品位も近く、吹増大判（ふきましおおばん）あるいは吹継大判（ふきつぎおおばん）とも呼ばれる。
Seoritsu hime is a shrine of Haraedo no okami (gods of purification in Shinto religion). Seoritsu-hime is written as 瀬織津姫, 瀬織津媛, and 瀬織津比売.	瀬織津姫（せおりつひめ）は、祓戸大神の一柱である。瀬織津媛・瀬織津姫比売。
She is the god of purification as well as the god of water and rain, and plays the role of washing impurities down rivers and the sea.	祓神かつ水神で、穢を川や海に流す役目を持つ。
In the Hashihime-jinja Shrine in Uji City, Seoritsu-hime is syncretized with (regarded as the same as) Hashi-hime (the protective deity of the bridge).	宇治市の橋姫神社では橋姫と習合（同一視）されている。
From around 2006, Seoritsu-hime suddenly began to attract much attention. Scholars such as Nobuaki KIKUCHI and Haruo YAMAMIZU, a musician, are actively working on the research of Seoritsu-hime.	２００６年頃より、急速に瀬織津姫に関心がもたれるようになってきた。菊池展明氏をはじめ、音楽家の山水治夫氏が精力的に瀬織津姫の研究を進めている。
Shrines in which Seoritsu-hime is the enshrined deity Seoritsuhime-jinja Shrine (Kanazawa City) Shimogamo-jinja Inoue-sha Shrine (Kyoto City) Hashihime-jinja Shrine (Uji City)	瀬織津姫を祭神とする神社瀬織津姫神社（金沢市）下鴨神社井上社（京都市）橋姫神社（宇治市）
Other than the above, Seoritsu-hime is worshipped in shrines of approximately five hundred places nationwide.	他、全国に約５００箇所の神社で祀られている。
Kogosho, vajra in Sanskrit, is a ritual object in Esoteric Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism.	金剛杵 (こんごうしょ)、サンスクリットヴァジュラ・ヴァジラ ()は、密教やチベット仏教における法具である。
It became a ritual object by comparing the way Buddha's teachings destroy earthly desires and reveal aspiration for Buddhahood (mind seeking for enlightenment) to a weapon in Indian mythology.	仏の教えが煩悩を滅ぼして菩提心(悟りを求める心)を表す様を、インド神話上の武器に譬えて法具としたものである。
Shape Basically it has a stick shape with a grip in the center, and spear-shaped edges at the top and the bottom of the grip. There are some variations with different numbers and shapes of the edges, each of which has its own name. There is also one with an ornament of an ogre's face on a grip, which is called Kimen Kongosho (vajra with ogre-face).	形状基本的な形は棒状で、中央に柄があり、その上下に槍状の刃が付いている。刃の数や形によっていくつかのバリエーションがあり、それぞれ固有の名称をもつ。また柄に鬼の顔の飾りがついたものがあり、これを鬼面金剛杵と呼ぶ。
Mythology In Indian mythology, vajra is a weapon of Indra (Taishakuten). As shown in its Chinese name of '金剛杵' (diamond and pestle), it is made of kongo (a very hard metal or a diamond) and wields thunder.	神話インド神話では、ヴァジュラはインドラ（帝釈天）の武器である。「金剛杵」の漢名どおり、金剛（非常に硬い金属、もしくはダイヤモンド）でできており、雷を操る。
Japan It is considered to be brought to Japan from China between the Nara period and the Heian period. It has been used in ceremonies of Esoteric Buddhism such as Goma (holy fire) and laid on an altar. Although imported goods were used in older times, domestic ones have increased since the Heian period and today few imports are used in Japanese temples.	日本日本には奈良時代から平安時代にかけて中国から伝わったと考えられる。護摩など密教の儀式において用いられ、祭壇に置かれている。古くは輸入して用いられていたが、平安時代以降は国産の物が増え、今日日本の寺院において輸入品が用いられることはほとんどない。
Principal gods who wield vajra Taishakuten (Indra) Shukongoshin (vajra-wielding gods) (Vajrapani) Kongo Rikishi (Vajradhara, Nio [guardians of a temple]) Basara Daisho (Vajra, one of the Juni Shinsho [the 12 protective gods])	金剛杵を執る主な諸天帝釈天（インドラ）執金剛神（ヴァジュラパーニ）金剛力士（ヴァジュラダラ、仁王）伐折羅大将（ヴァジュラ、十二神将の一）
In no cho kudashibumi were the documents issued by Incho (Retired Emperor's Office) during the Insei (government by cloistered emperor) during the Heian period. It took the form of Kudashibumi which were the documents cosigned by In no Tsukasa (officials of Incho) and were given to lower agencies. It was considered more formal than Inzen (decree of cloistered emperor).	院庁下文（いんのちょうくだしぶみ）は、平安時代院政期に、院庁が発給した文書。院司が連署する下文の形式である。院宣よりも公的性が高いとされる。
While Inzen took the strong nature of the personal documents of the cloistered emperor and was quickly responsive and flexible, In no cho kudashibumi was to deal with important affairs, as was the case of Shochoku or Daijokanpu.	院宣は私的な文書としての性格が強く、即応性・柔軟性の高い文書だったのに対して、院庁下文は、詔勅・太政官符のように、重要事項について対応するための文書だった。
Ryojin hisho was a folk song collection compiled in the end of Heian period. It was a corpus of imayo (popular style of song in Heian period) songs. It was compiled by Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa. It was completed in the Jisho era (around 1180).	梁塵秘抄（りょうじんひしょう）は平安時代末期に編まれた歌謡集。今様歌謡の集成。編者は後白河法皇。治承年間（1180年前後）の作。
Details	経緯
Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa favored songs called imayo since he was a boy. He invited good composers to learn many songs, but he regretted that those songs would not be handed down after his death, so he took notes and turned them into the book. Also, he left ten Books of Kuden shu (Collections of Oral Transmission) about the history of songs separately.	後白河法皇は少年のときより、今様と呼ばれる歌謡を好んだ。歌の上手を召して多くの歌謡を知ったが、死後それらが伝わらなくなることを惜しみ、書き留めて本にした。また、歌謡の歴史などについて、別に口伝集十巻を残した。
The book title 'Ryojin'(梁塵 in kanji) was named after the historical event where the dust (塵 in kanji) on the rafters (梁 in kanji) was moved, written by a master, meaning excellent song.	書名の「梁塵」は、名人の歌で梁の塵も動いたという故事より、すぐれた歌のこと。
Introduction	伝来
Structures and contents	構成と内容
It is considered that "Ryojin Hisho" originally had 10 Books of main parts and 10 Books of Kuden shu. However, only small parts are extant. Also, there is mystery about Kuden shu Book 11 and subsequent Books.	『梁塵秘抄』はもと本編十巻、口伝集十巻だったとみられている。しかし現存するのはわずかな部分のみである。また、口伝集の巻第十一以降については謎がある
Main parts	本編
Many songs had four phrases of seven-and-five syllable meter and eight-and five syllable meter, or other tunes of those variations. However, some songs had a tune with 5-7-5-7-7 syllable count, so the style of the songs varied.	多くの歌が七五調四句や、八五調四句、あるいはそのバリエーションの調子を持つ。しかし五七五七七の調子もあり、歌の形態は様々である。
Speaking of "Ryojin hisho," the following song is well known.	『梁塵秘抄』と言えば、下記の歌が有名である。
Was I born to play or flirt? When I hear children playing, I am thrilled as my body moves.	遊びをせんとや生れけむ、戯れせんとや生れけん。遊ぶ子供の声きけば、我が身さえこそ動がるれ。
Dance, dance, snail, and if you don't dance, let a colt and a calf kick you or step on you. If you dance beautifully, I will take you to a beautiful flower garden and let you play there.	舞え舞え蝸牛、舞はぬものならば、馬の子や牛の子に蹴させてん、踏破せてん。真に美しく舞うたらば、華の園まで遊ばせん。
However, the majority of songs are those such as the one as follows.	しかし、数の多くを占めるのは下記のような歌である。
Buddha is always beside us, but we cannot see him in the real world. But he sometimes shows us his figure when people are still asleep in their dreams at dawn.	仏は常にいませども、現（うつつ）ならぬぞあわれなる。人の音せぬ暁に、ほのかに夢に見え給ふ。
The song above is called Homon uta (songs of Buddhist scriptures). Also, there are many songs about the trips to shrines and landscape. There are not so many songs that modern people like. However, it does include children's songs such as 'Was I born to play or flirt? ' and 'Dance, dance, snail,' and amorous songs such as the following.	上記のような歌を法文歌と言う。また、神社への道行や、風景を歌ったものも多い。現代人好みの歌はそれほどあるわけではない。しかし「遊びをせんとや…」や「舞え舞え蝸牛…」のような童心の歌、あるいは下記のような艶っぽいものもある。
You never became my wife after all, but why did I start making love to you?	東屋（あづまや）の妻とも終（つい）に成らざりけるもの故に、何とてむねを合せ初めけむ。
Kuden shu	口伝集
Kuden shu was considered that it wrote about songs for each genre. Only small parts of Book 1, Book 10, and from Book 11 to Book 14 are extant.	口伝集は各ジャンルの歌に関して書きつづったものだと考えられている。現存するのは巻第一のほんのわずかと、巻第十、それに巻第十一～第十四のみである。
Contents of each volume	各巻の内容
Main part	本編
Book 1	巻第一
Only 21 songs remain.	21首のみ残る。
Book 2	巻第二
545 songs remain. Only one copy is extant.	545首残る。写本は一冊のみ現存する。
Book 3 to Book 10	巻第三～巻第十
Missing Book	欠巻
Kuden shu	口伝集
Kuden shu Book 1	口伝集巻第一
Only two pages remain as paperback. It was written about the origin of kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrines), Saibara (Japanese court song genre of the Heian period), folkways, and imayo.	文庫版にして2ページほどしか残っていない。神楽・催馬楽・風俗・今様の起源について語る。
Kuden shu Book 2 to Book 9	口伝集巻第二～巻第九
Missing Book	欠巻。
It seemed that it was written about shararin, ordinary imayo, kataoroshi, soga, shoseki, taikyoku, ashigara, choka, and tauta (all are kinds of imayo songs).	娑羅林・只の今様・片下・早歌・初積・大曲・足柄・長歌・田歌などについて書かれていたらしい。
Kuden shu Book 10	口伝集巻第十
Kuden shu Book 11 to Book 14	口伝集巻第十一～巻第十四
As mentioned previously, these were originally considered separate books. How to sing, tunes and pitches, and rhythm were written in the books, but it was recondite for ordinary people (perhaps even for professionals).	前述の通り、もとは別の書であったと考えられている。歌い方の心得や、音律や拍子などが記されているようであるが、一般人には（おそらくは専門家でも）解読は難しい。

The Ezo republic that was built in January 1869 was a familiar name of the Ezo Island Government, a political power belonging to Sabaku-ha which existed for a short time in Ezochi (inhabited area of Ainu) (Hokkaido). It ruined due to the end of the Battle of Hakodate on May 18, 1869.

蝦夷共和国（えぞきょうわこく）は、明治元年12月（1869年1月）に成立し、蝦夷地（北海道）に短期間存在した佐幕派の政権である蝦夷島政府に対する俗称である。明治2年5月18日、箱館戦争終結によって消滅した。

Koka fifty-three families refers to jizamurai (local samurai) fifty-three families in Koka, who stood by Rokkaku clan's side in 'Siege of Magari,' who later became the center families of Koga-ryu school ninjutsu (ninja techniques).

甲賀五十三家（こうがごじゅうさんけ）は、「鈎の陣」にて六角氏に味方した甲賀の地侍五十三家のことであり、後の甲賀流忍術の中心となった家々である。

The Yamanaka family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Toshifusa YAMANAKA, Nagatoshi YAMANAKA, Toshiyoshi YAMANAKA, Judaifu YAMANAKA, Toshisada YAMANAKA and Toshimasa YAMANAKA.

山中家 - 一族の著名人物として山中俊房・山中長俊・山中俊好・山中十太夫・山中俊定・山中俊正がいる。

The Ban family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Choshin BAN and Gohei BAN.

伴家 - 一族の著名人物として伴長信・伴五兵衛がいる。

The Minobe family. The Kurokawa family - As the famous person in the family, there was Yoshiro KUROKAWA, Kurokawa-ryu school.

美濃部家黒川家 - 一族の著名人物として黒川与四郎がいる. 黒川流。

The Tongu family. The Oono family. The Iwamuro family. The Akutagawa family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Shichirobe AKUTAGAWA and Seiemon AKUTAGAWA.

頓宮家大野家岩室家芥川家 - 一族の著名人物として芥川七郎兵衛・芥川清右衛門がいる。

The Oki family. The Saji family - As the famous person in the family, there was Saburo SAJI.

隠岐家佐治家 - 一族の著名人物として佐治三郎がいる。

The Jinbo family. The Okawara family. The Ohara family - As the famous person in the family, there was Keishun SHINOYAMA.

神保家大河原家大原家 - 一族の著名人物として篠山景春がいる。

The Wada family - As the famous person in the family, there was Koremasa WADA.

和田家 - 一族の著名人物として和田惟政がいる。

The Ueno family. The Takamine family. The Ikeda family. The Taki family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Kazuuji NAKAMURA, Kanpachi TAKI and Hida no kami TAKI.

上野家高峰家池田家多喜(滝)家 - 一族の著名人物として中村一氏・多喜勘八・瀧飛騨守がいる。

The Ukai family. The Naiki family. The Hattori family. The Koizumi family. The Kuraji family. The Natsumi family - As the famous person in the family, there was Kakusuke NATSUMI.

鵜飼家内貴家服部家小泉家倉治家夏見家 - 一族の著名人物として夏見角助がいる。

The Sugitani family - As the famous person in the family, there was Zenjubo SUGITANI.

杉谷家 - 一族の著名人物として杉谷善住坊がいる。

The Hari family. The Ogawa family. The Okubo family. The Ueda family. The Noda family. The Iwane family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Kanbe IWANE and Jinzaemon IWANE.

針家小川家大久保家上田家野田家岩根家 - 一族の著名人物として岩根勘兵衛・岩根甚左衛門がいる。

The Shinjo family. The Aoki family. The Miyajima family. The Sugiyama family. The Katsuragi family. The Mikumo family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Narimochi MIKUMO and Narinaga MIKUMO.

新城家青木家宮島家杉山家葛城家三雲家 - 一族の著名人物として三雲成持・三雲成長がいる。

The Mochizuki clan, Koga Mochizuki clan (Omi Province) - As the famous persons in the family, there were Yoshimune MOCHIZUKI, Hyotayu MOCHIZUKI and Yoemon MOCHIZUKI.

望月氏甲賀望月氏（近江国） - 一族の著名人物として望月吉棟・望月兵太夫・望月与右衛門がいる。

The Makimura family. The Yata family. The Takano family. The Kamiyama family. The Takayama family - In one theory, Tomoteru TAKAYAMA and Ukon TAKAYAMA came from this Takayama family.

牧村家八田家高野家上山家高山家 - 一説には高山友照と高山右近はこの高山家の出身。

The Morita family. The Saga family. The Torii family. The Hirako family. The Tarao family - As the famous person in the family, there was Mitsutoshi (Mitsuhiro) TARAO.

守田家嶬峨家鳥居家平子家多羅尾家 - 一族の著名人物として多羅尾光俊(光弘)がいる。

The Tsuchiyama family. The Yamagami family. The Aeba family - As the famous person in the family, there was Kawachi no kami (Aeba clan) AEBA.

土山家山上家饗庭家 - 一族の著名人物として饗庭河内守（饗庭氏）がいる。

The Nagano family. The Nakayama family.

長野家中山家

Naginata (wielding techniques) is a modern martial art, using a wooden or bamboo sword which looks like the old Japanese weapon called "naginata" (originally, a pole with a wood shaft and a curved blade on its end).

なぎなた（薙刀）とは、日本の古い武器である薙刀の木刀及び竹刀に似たなぎなたを使った現代武道。

Naginata wielding techniques are generally imagined to be women's martial art, but they are also used by men.

一般に女性の武道というイメージが強いが、なぎなたは男性も行うことが出来る。

Kobushichishoku refers to a collective name of craftsmen engaged in seven processes in manufacturing the Hikone Buddhist altar.

工部七職（こうぶしちしょく）とは彦根仏壇の製造における、7種の工程の職人の総称。

A craftsman engaged in each process is as follows.

それぞれの工程の職人は次の通り

Kijishi (woodturner)

木地師（きじし）

Nushi (lacquer painter)

塗師（ぬし）

Kinpakuoshishi (craftsman sticking gold leaf)

金箔押師（きんぱくおしし）

Kudenshi (craftsman assembling small handmade pieces into a roof)

宮殿師（くうでんし）

Chokokushi (sculptor)

彫刻師（ちょうこくし）

Makieshi (craftsman sprinkling gold or silver power, or placing shell on each lacquered part of Buddhist altar)

蒔絵師（まきえし）

Kazarikanagushi (chaser)

錺金具師（かざりかなぐし）

The Yokooji family house is a historical example of architecture located in Kaminofu, Shingu-machi, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture. It is one of the oldest traditional farmhouses in the Kyushu region, and it is designated a national Important Cultural Property. It is commonly called Sennenya (literally, thousand-year-old house).

横大路家住宅（よこおおじけじゅうたく）は福岡県糟屋郡新宮町上府にある歴史的建造物。九州最古級といわれる古民家建築で、国の重要文化財に指定されている。「千年家」の通称をもつ。

It is a magariya (bent house) with a thatched roof supposedly constructed in the early Edo period (mid-seventeenth century), but there are no extant materials that indicate the exact period of the construction.

茅葺屋根の曲家で江戸時代前期（17世紀半ば）の建築ではないかと考えられているが、明確な建築年代を示す史料は残っていない。

Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine is a Shinto shrine located in Fushimi-ku Ward, Kyoto City. It is the head shrine of the approximately 40,000 shrines around the country that enshrine the Inari-shin (the god of harvest). The main hall is situated at the foot of Mt. Inari and the shrine precinct is considered to consist of the entire mountain.

伏見稲荷大社（ふしみいなりたいしゃ）は京都市伏見区にある神社である。稲荷神を祀る全国約4万社の稲荷神の総本宮である。稲荷山の麓に本殿があり、稲荷山全体を神域とする。

The shrine is Shikinai-sha (Myojin Taisha) (shrine listed in Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) laws), one of the upper seven of the Twenty-Two Shrines, and was classified as a Kanpei Taisha (the first rank of government supported shrines) under the former shrine ranking system

式内社（名神大）、二十二社の上七社の一社で、旧社格は官幣大社。

The main enshrined deity is Ukano Mitamano Okami, which is enshrined along with Satahikono Okami, Omiyanomeno Okami, Tanakano Okami and Shino Okami. As the god of agriculture, Inari is believed to grant abundant harvests, prosperous business and traffic safety.

ウカノミタマ（うかのみたまのおおかみ）を主祭神とし、佐田彦大神、大宮能売大神、田中大神、四大神を配祀する。稲荷神が農業の神であるために、五穀豊穰・商売繁盛・交通安全といったご利益がある。

In 2008, approximately 2,690,000 people visited it for Hatsumode (New Year's visit to a shrine or a temple) during the first three days of the New Year - the most of any temple or shrine in the Kansai region. This figure was released by the National Police Agency.

2008年の初詣（正月三が日）の参拝者数は約269万人で、関西の社寺では最も多かった。（警察庁発表による）

Nobutoyo SHIBAYAMA (formerly Nobutoyo KAJUJI, Minister of the Treasury, April 25, 1612 to March 23, 1690) was a court noble (high court noble) in the early Edo period.

芝山宣豊（しばやまのぶとよ、はじめ、大蔵卿・勧修寺宣豊、慶長17年3月25日 (旧暦)（1612年4月25日） - 元禄3年2月13日 (旧暦)（1690年3月23日））は、江戸時代初期の公家（公卿）。

He was the first generation family head of the SHIBAYAMA family (whose social standing was a distinguished family (court noble), illegitimate family lineage of Kajuji of the Takafuji group of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan), which was under the Tosho Family (the hereditary lineage of Court nobles occupying relatively high ranks).

堂上家（家格は名家 (公家)、藤原氏北家高藤流勧修寺庶流）である芝山家の初代。

After that, Junnyo assumed daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order) by Imperial order in 1608 and made efforts to broaden the influence of Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, building Tsumura Betsuin branch temple in Osaka and Tsukiji Betsuin branch temple in Edo.

その後、准如は1608年に勅命により大僧正となり、大坂に津村別院を、江戸に築地別院を建立して西本願寺の拡大に努めた。

Uchitachi is a term used in martial arts, especially in swordplay and budo (Japanese martial arts) such as in the Japanese art of fencing. The term "uchitachi" indicates a person who has the role of being defeated by a shidachi, or to defend against that shidachi's techniques, in kata (standard form of a movement or posture) practice.

打太刀（うちたち）とは、武術（特に剣術）、武道（特に剣道）において用いられる用語の一つ。型（形）を行う際に仕太刀に倒される（技を受ける）役の人物を意味する。

In Nihon Kendo Kata, the uchitachi is not only defeated but also plays the role of an instructor who always moves one step earlier to draw out the shidachi's attack movement and, though all uchitachi's techniques are designed to evade attack, he may also initiate movement to attack.

日本剣道形では単に倒されるだけでなく、常に一瞬早く動き仕太刀の動作を引き出してやる師匠役でもあり、また、全て避けられることになっているとは言え打太刀からも技を打つ。

The Saeki clan was a powerful clan in ancient Japan.

佐伯氏（さえきし）は古代日本の有力氏族である。

Origin of the clan It had been believed that the Saeki clan was descendents of a god, Ame no Oshihi no Mikoto who had guided the way for Ninigi no Mikoto (the Prince of fertile rice-ears) when a god Ninigi no Mikoto had come down to the earth (the occasion has been called "Tenson Korin"). They separated from the Otomo clan in the era of OTOMO no Muroya.

出自天孫降臨の時にニニギを先導した天忍日命（あめのおしひのみこと）を祖とし、神別氏族である。大伴室屋の時に大伴氏から別れた氏族である。

SAEKI no Obito SAEKI no Obito was recorded in the volume of Shinbetsu, Kawachi Province of "Shinsen Shoji-roku."

佐伯首佐伯首（-おびと）は、『新撰姓氏録』河内国神別に見える。

The Heiminsha published the weekly "Heimin-shinbun" (Commoners' newspaper) and it was published from the 1st issue on November 15, 1903 to the 64th issue on January 29, 1905.

平民社は、週刊『平民新聞』を発行し、同紙は、1903年11月15日発行の第1号から、1905年1月29日発行の第64号まで刊行された。

In the 53rd issue of the weekly "Heimin-shinbun" (November 13,1904) the "Communist Party Declaration" was translated and published by SAKAI and KOTOKU as the first anniversary after the first issue. The English version made by Samuel MOORE was translated into Japanese. It was the first translation of "Communist Party Declaration" in Japan.

週刊『平民新聞』第53号（1904年11月13日）には、新聞創刊1周年の記念として、堺と幸徳の共訳で『共産党宣言』が訳載された。翻訳はサミュエル・ムーア訳の英語訳からの重訳。日本における最初の『共産党宣言』の翻訳であった。

His origin and personal history are unknown, but it is said that he was a monk on Mt. Hiei (the Tendai Sect), who also served as betto (administrator) at Gion. Then, he is said to have retired to Ohara and lived in Urin-in Temple in his later years. According to one theory, he died around the age of sixty-five during the Kohei era (1058-1065).

出自・経歴については不明であるが、比叡山（天台宗）の僧で祇園別当となったと言われている。また、その後は大原に隠棲し、晩年は雲林院に住んだといわれている。一説では、康平年間（1058年－1065年）に65歳ぐらいで没したともいわれている。

His poet friends were KAMO no Narisuke, TSUMORI no Kunimoto, TACHIBANA no Tamenaka, and Soi Hoshi (priest). He joined several uta-awase (poetry contest) such as 'Gon Dainagon (chief councilor of state) Morofusa Family Uta-awase' held in September 1038. He apparently made a personal collection of poetry called 'Ryozen Uchigiki,' but it does not exist at the present time.

歌人の友として、賀茂成助・津守国基・橘為仲・素意法師などがいた。 1038年（長暦2年）9月の「権大納言師房家歌合」などいくつかの歌合に出詠している。「良暹打聞」という私撰集を編んだというが現存していない。

His poems were collected in the 'Goshui Wakashu' (Later Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poetry) and other Chokusen Wakashu (anthology of Japanese poetry compiled by the Imperial command).

歌は「後拾遺和歌集」以下の勅撰和歌集に入集している。

Hyakunin Isshu (One Hundred Waka Poems By One Hundred Poets) No. 70 When I feel lonely, I go outside of my hut, but everywhere I look is the same evening in autumn. ('Goshui Wakashu' the first volume of the Autumn, No. 333)

百人一首 70番　さびしさに　宿をたち出でて　ながむれば　いづくも同じ　秋の夕暮れ　良暹法師（「後拾遺和歌集」秋上333）

Tenpo-Oban refers to a large-sized gold coin issued from August 13, 1838. It was not issued because of currency reform, and it was similar in shape to and close in gold quality to Kyoho-Oban (large-sized coin of the Kyoho era), and was also called fukimashi Oban or fukitsugi Oban.

天保大判（てんぽうおおばん）とは天保9年（1838年）6月24日より発行された大判である。吹替え（改鋳）によるものではなく、享保大判と同形式であり金品位も近く、吹増大判（ふきましおおばん）あるいは吹継大判（ふきつぎおおばん）とも呼ばれる。

Seoritsu hime is a shrine of Haraedo no okami (gods of purification in Shinto religion). Seoritsu-hime is written as 瀬織津姫, 瀬織津媛, and 瀬織津比売.

瀬織津姫（せおりつひめ）は、祓戸大神の一柱である。瀬織津媛・瀬織津姫比売。

She is the god of purification as well as the god of water and rain, and plays the role of washing impurities down rivers and the sea.

祓神かつ水神で、穢を川や海に流す役目を持つ。

In the Hashihime-jinja Shrine in Uji City, Seoritsu-hime is syncretized with (regarded as the same as) Hashi-hime (the protective deity of the bridge).

宇治市の橋姫神社では橋姫と習合（同一視）されている。

From around 2006, Seoritsu-hime suddenly began to attract much attention. Scholars such as Nobuaki KIKUCHI and Haruo YAMAMIZU, a musician, are actively working on the research of Seoritsu-hime.

２００６年頃より、急速に瀬織津姫に関心がもたれるようになってきた。菊池展明氏をはじめ、音楽家の山水治夫氏が精力的に瀬織津姫の研究を進めている。

Shrines in which Seoritsu-hime is the enshrined deity Seoritsuhime-jinja Shrine (Kanazawa City) Shimogamo-jinja Inoue-sha Shrine (Kyoto City) Hashihime-jinja Shrine (Uji City)

瀬織津姫を祭神とする神社瀬織津姫神社（金沢市）下鴨神社井上社（京都市）橋姫神社（宇治市）

Other than the above, Seoritsu-hime is worshipped in shrines of approximately five hundred places nationwide.

他、全国に約５００箇所の神社で祀られている。

Kogosho, vajra in Sanskrit, is a ritual object in Esoteric Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism.

金剛杵 (こんごうしょ)、サンスクリットヴァジュラ・ヴァジラ ()は、密教やチベット仏教における法具である。

It became a ritual object by comparing the way Buddha's teachings destroy earthly desires and reveal aspiration for Buddhahood (mind seeking for enlightenment) to a weapon in Indian mythology.

仏の教えが煩悩を滅ぼして菩提心(悟りを求める心)を表す様を、インド神話上の武器に譬えて法具としたものである。

Shape Basically it has a stick shape with a grip in the center, and spear-shaped edges at the top and the bottom of the grip. There are some variations with different numbers and shapes of the edges, each of which has its own name. There is also one with an ornament of an ogre's face on a grip, which is called Kimen Kongosho (vajra with ogre-face).

形状基本的な形は棒状で、中央に柄があり、その上下に槍状の刃が付いている。刃の数や形によっていくつかのバリエーションがあり、それぞれ固有の名称をもつ。また柄に鬼の顔の飾りがついたものがあり、これを鬼面金剛杵と呼ぶ。

Mythology In Indian mythology, vajra is a weapon of Indra (Taishakuten). As shown in its Chinese name of '金剛杵' (diamond and pestle), it is made of kongo (a very hard metal or a diamond) and wields thunder.

神話インド神話では、ヴァジュラはインドラ（帝釈天）の武器である。「金剛杵」の漢名どおり、金剛（非常に硬い金属、もしくはダイヤモンド）でできており、雷を操る。

Japan It is considered to be brought to Japan from China between the Nara period and the Heian period. It has been used in ceremonies of Esoteric Buddhism such as Goma (holy fire) and laid on an altar. Although imported goods were used in older times, domestic ones have increased since the Heian period and today few imports are used in Japanese temples.

日本日本には奈良時代から平安時代にかけて中国から伝わったと考えられる。護摩など密教の儀式において用いられ、祭壇に置かれている。古くは輸入して用いられていたが、平安時代以降は国産の物が増え、今日日本の寺院において輸入品が用いられることはほとんどない。

Principal gods who wield vajra Taishakuten (Indra) Shukongoshin (vajra-wielding gods) (Vajrapani) Kongo Rikishi (Vajradhara, Nio [guardians of a temple]) Basara Daisho (Vajra, one of the Juni Shinsho [the 12 protective gods])

金剛杵を執る主な諸天帝釈天（インドラ）執金剛神（ヴァジュラパーニ）金剛力士（ヴァジュラダラ、仁王）伐折羅大将（ヴァジュラ、十二神将の一）

In no cho kudashibumi were the documents issued by Incho (Retired Emperor's Office) during the Insei (government by cloistered emperor) during the Heian period. It took the form of Kudashibumi which were the documents cosigned by In no Tsukasa (officials of Incho) and were given to lower agencies. It was considered more formal than Inzen (decree of cloistered emperor).

院庁下文（いんのちょうくだしぶみ）は、平安時代院政期に、院庁が発給した文書。院司が連署する下文の形式である。院宣よりも公的性が高いとされる。

While Inzen took the strong nature of the personal documents of the cloistered emperor and was quickly responsive and flexible, In no cho kudashibumi was to deal with important affairs, as was the case of Shochoku or Daijokanpu.

院宣は私的な文書としての性格が強く、即応性・柔軟性の高い文書だったのに対して、院庁下文は、詔勅・太政官符のように、重要事項について対応するための文書だった。

Ryojin hisho was a folk song collection compiled in the end of Heian period. It was a corpus of imayo (popular style of song in Heian period) songs. It was compiled by Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa. It was completed in the Jisho era (around 1180).

梁塵秘抄（りょうじんひしょう）は平安時代末期に編まれた歌謡集。今様歌謡の集成。編者は後白河法皇。治承年間（1180年前後）の作。

Details

経緯

Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa favored songs called imayo since he was a boy. He invited good composers to learn many songs, but he regretted that those songs would not be handed down after his death, so he took notes and turned them into the book. Also, he left ten Books of Kuden shu (Collections of Oral Transmission) about the history of songs separately.

後白河法皇は少年のときより、今様と呼ばれる歌謡を好んだ。歌の上手を召して多くの歌謡を知ったが、死後それらが伝わらなくなることを惜しみ、書き留めて本にした。また、歌謡の歴史などについて、別に口伝集十巻を残した。

The book title 'Ryojin'(梁塵 in kanji) was named after the historical event where the dust (塵 in kanji) on the rafters (梁 in kanji) was moved, written by a master, meaning excellent song.

書名の「梁塵」は、名人の歌で梁の塵も動いたという故事より、すぐれた歌のこと。

Introduction

伝来

Structures and contents

構成と内容

It is considered that "Ryojin Hisho" originally had 10 Books of main parts and 10 Books of Kuden shu. However, only small parts are extant. Also, there is mystery about Kuden shu Book 11 and subsequent Books.

『梁塵秘抄』はもと本編十巻、口伝集十巻だったとみられている。しかし現存するのはわずかな部分のみである。また、口伝集の巻第十一以降については謎がある

Main parts

本編

Many songs had four phrases of seven-and-five syllable meter and eight-and five syllable meter, or other tunes of those variations. However, some songs had a tune with 5-7-5-7-7 syllable count, so the style of the songs varied.

多くの歌が七五調四句や、八五調四句、あるいはそのバリエーションの調子を持つ。しかし五七五七七の調子もあり、歌の形態は様々である。

Speaking of "Ryojin hisho," the following song is well known.

『梁塵秘抄』と言えば、下記の歌が有名である。

Was I born to play or flirt? When I hear children playing, I am thrilled as my body moves.

遊びをせんとや生れけむ、戯れせんとや生れけん。遊ぶ子供の声きけば、我が身さえこそ動がるれ。

Dance, dance, snail, and if you don't dance, let a colt and a calf kick you or step on you. If you dance beautifully, I will take you to a beautiful flower garden and let you play there.

舞え舞え蝸牛、舞はぬものならば、馬の子や牛の子に蹴させてん、踏破せてん。真に美しく舞うたらば、華の園まで遊ばせん。

However, the majority of songs are those such as the one as follows.

しかし、数の多くを占めるのは下記のような歌である。

Buddha is always beside us, but we cannot see him in the real world. But he sometimes shows us his figure when people are still asleep in their dreams at dawn.

仏は常にいませども、現（うつつ）ならぬぞあわれなる。人の音せぬ暁に、ほのかに夢に見え給ふ。

The song above is called Homon uta (songs of Buddhist scriptures). Also, there are many songs about the trips to shrines and landscape. There are not so many songs that modern people like. However, it does include children's songs such as 'Was I born to play or flirt? ' and 'Dance, dance, snail,' and amorous songs such as the following.

上記のような歌を法文歌と言う。また、神社への道行や、風景を歌ったものも多い。現代人好みの歌はそれほどあるわけではない。しかし「遊びをせんとや…」や「舞え舞え蝸牛…」のような童心の歌、あるいは下記のような艶っぽいものもある。

You never became my wife after all, but why did I start making love to you?

東屋（あづまや）の妻とも終（つい）に成らざりけるもの故に、何とてむねを合せ初めけむ。

Kuden shu

口伝集

Kuden shu was considered that it wrote about songs for each genre. Only small parts of Book 1, Book 10, and from Book 11 to Book 14 are extant.

口伝集は各ジャンルの歌に関して書きつづったものだと考えられている。現存するのは巻第一のほんのわずかと、巻第十、それに巻第十一～第十四のみである。

Contents of each volume

各巻の内容

Main part

本編

Book 1

巻第一

Only 21 songs remain.

21首のみ残る。

Book 2

巻第二

545 songs remain. Only one copy is extant.

545首残る。写本は一冊のみ現存する。

Book 3 to Book 10

巻第三～巻第十

Missing Book

欠巻

Kuden shu

口伝集

Kuden shu Book 1

口伝集巻第一

Only two pages remain as paperback. It was written about the origin of kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrines), Saibara (Japanese court song genre of the Heian period), folkways, and imayo.

文庫版にして2ページほどしか残っていない。神楽・催馬楽・風俗・今様の起源について語る。

Kuden shu Book 2 to Book 9

口伝集巻第二～巻第九

Missing Book

欠巻。

It seemed that it was written about shararin, ordinary imayo, kataoroshi, soga, shoseki, taikyoku, ashigara, choka, and tauta (all are kinds of imayo songs).

娑羅林・只の今様・片下・早歌・初積・大曲・足柄・長歌・田歌などについて書かれていたらしい。

Kuden shu Book 10

口伝集巻第十

Kuden shu Book 11 to Book 14

口伝集巻第十一～巻第十四

As mentioned previously, these were originally considered separate books. How to sing, tunes and pitches, and rhythm were written in the books, but it was recondite for ordinary people (perhaps even for professionals).

前述の通り、もとは別の書であったと考えられている。歌い方の心得や、音律や拍子などが記されているようであるが、一般人には（おそらくは専門家でも）解読は難しい。