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Their periods of prosperity were extremely short. (All four lost their lives during the Kenmu Era in the battle with Ashikaga clan in 1336). | その栄耀栄華の期間が、極めて短かったこと。 （4人ともに建武 (日本)3年（1336年）の足利氏との戦いで命を落としている。） |
Losing the lives of the four Sanboku-Isso military commanders at an early stage in the battle between the Southern and Northern Dynasties led to an extreme military disadvantage for the Southern Dynasty. | 南北朝騒乱の初期の段階で4人の軍事指揮官を失ったことで、南朝 (日本)は軍事的にかなりの劣勢に立たされることとなった。 |
She served Bifukumonin from infancy, because her mother was menoto (a woman serving as wetnurse to a highborn baby) of Bifukumonin. Later she served Hachijoin, a daughter of Bifukumonin, and thus was called Gojo no Tsubone. | 母が美福門院の乳母であったことから、若い頃より美福門院に仕える。 後にその娘である八条院に仕えて五条局と呼ばれた。 |
Sokyu's grave is located in Rinko-ji Temple in Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture. | 墓所は大阪府堺市の臨江寺にある。 |
The 'Obaian' tea house which was designed by Sokyu IMAI and was owned by the Makimura family of Imai Town, Yamato Province is well conserved in the Daisen-koen Park in Sakai City today. | 今井宗久設計の大和国今井町の牧村家にあった茶室「黄梅庵」が現在、堺市の大仙公園に在る。 |
Hoshinno was an Imperial Prince who became a priest and renounced the world remaining within the imperial court. Also called Nudo Shinno, Hoshi Shinno, Zenji Shinno. | 法親王(ほっしんのう)とは、日本の皇室において出家して僧籍となった親王のこと。 入道親王、法師親王、禅師親王ともいった。 |
The origin and transition of Hoshinno | 法親王の起源及び変遷 |
Hodo-ji Temple is a Yuzu Nenbustu sect temple located in Ikoma City, Nara Prefecture. The sango (literally, "mountain name"), which is the title prefixed to the name of a Buddhist temple, is Ryugozan. The principal image of Buddha is Jizo Bosatsu (Jizo Bodhisattva). | 宝幢寺（ほうどうじ）は、奈良県生駒市にある融通念仏宗の寺院。 山号は龍護山。 本尊は地蔵菩薩。 |
History Although the year and details of its construction are unknown, it is said to have been founded by a monk called Gyoki in the Nara period. At first, it was a Shingon sect temple, however, it was later changed to a Yuzu Nenbustu sect temple during the Bunsei era (1818-1830) in the late Edo period. | 歴史 この寺の創建年代等については不詳であるが、奈良時代の僧行基によって創建されたと伝えられる。 当初は真言宗の寺院であったが、江戸時代後期の文政年間（1818年～1830年）融通念仏宗に改められた。 |
Cultural Property Important Cultural Property Hondo (Main Hall) | 文化財 重要文化財 本堂 |
Address 271 Kobirao-cho, Ikoma City, Nara Prefecture | 所在地 奈良県生駒市小平尾町271 |
Literary works of his include the 'Sei-a sho' and the 'Gumon kenchu.' | 著書には「井蛙抄」「愚問賢註」などがある。 |
The monk-poet Tona is not to be confused with the potter Tona ONO, who was another person entirely. | 陶芸家の大野鈍阿とは、別人。 |
Shiramine-jingu Shrine is a Shinto shrine located in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City. It enshrines the spirits of the Emperor Sutoku and the Emperor Junnin who both died in exile. The shrine was formerly named Shiramine-gu Shrine. It was ranked as a Kanpei Taisha (large-scale state shrine) under the old shrine classification system. | 白峯神宮（しらみねじんぐう）は、京都市上京区にある神社である。 配流されてその地で歿した崇徳天皇・淳仁天皇を祀る。 旧名白峯宮。 旧社格は官幣大社。 |
Shrines within the main precinct Jinushi-sha Shrine: Enshrines the following deities. | 境内社 地主社 -- 以下の神を祀る。 |
Kemari | 蹴鞠 |
Cultural property Portrait of the Emperor Sutoku and a Zuishin portrait (Important Cultural Property) | 文化財 崇徳上皇像、付同随神像（重要文化財） |
It is said that the Naishidokoro located to the north of Nikka-mon Gate was moved here when Shunkyoden Hall was used as a satodairi (a temporary palace), | 里内裏の春興殿は日華門の北、内侍所を奉安としたという。 |
A hall with the same name exists in the present Kyoto Imperial Palace. However, its location is different from that of Shunkyoden Hall in the Heian period. | 現在の京都御所にも同名の殿舎がある。 しかしながら、平安時代の頃の春興殿とは、位置関係が異なる場所に建てられている。 |
Ate okonai jo (also Ote okonai jo or ategai jo) was a style of document used during the medieval period. The term is derived from the fact that the two Chinese characters "充行" (ate okonai) are included in the text. | 充行状（おておこないじょう/あてがいじょう）とは、中世に見られる文章形式。 文面に「充行」の二字が入っていることに由来する。 |
This style of document was used in samurai society during the medieval period as a proof of transfer for belongings, such as a shoen (manor). It was also used when samurai entitled their vassals to chigyo (the right to manage a territory). | 中世武家社会において荘園などを分譲する際の文章で用いられる。 また、武家が家臣に知行を給与する際にも用いられる。 |
Both official and private documents adopted the style of Ate okonai jo during in the medieval period. | 中世の公文書、私文書ともにこの形式を採用している。 |
Also, those copies were produced with Bizen yaki (Bizen ware) and Shigaraki-yaki (Shigaraki ware) as demands increased along with the expansion of tea ceremony, and in the Edo period, Ninsei NONOMURA created a chatsubo colored with various hues and gold specifically for the shitsurai (putting decorations suitable for a season or ritual onto an appropriate indoor places). | また茶道の拡大に伴って需要が増えると備前焼や信楽焼で倣製品が作られるようになり、江戸時代には野々村仁清が室礼専用の色絵金彩の茶壺を制作している。 |
"Ogotooshio-no-kami, Ohogotooshiwo-no-kami" is a god (Shinto) appearing in Japanese Mythology. | 大事忍男神（おおごとおしおのかみ／おほごとおしをのかみ）は、日本神話に登場する神 (神道)である。 |
In Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters), he was the first god born between Izanagi and Izanami during kamiumi (birth of the gods) after completing the kuni-umi (the birth of (the land) of Japan). | 古事記で、イザナギとイザナミが国産みを終えて神産みの最初に産んだ神である。 |
From a legal standpoint, national treasures are one category of important cultural properties. For more information on the designation system and procedure for national treasures and important cultural properties, see the article on important cultural properties. | 法的には、国宝は重要文化財の一種である。 国宝・重要文化財の指定手続、指定制度の沿革などについては、重要文化財の項を参照。 |
Note that the term 'living national treasures' is a nickname used for those people recognized as the holders of important artistic or technical skills and who have therefore been designated important intangible cultural assets. | なお、いわゆる「人間国宝」とは重要無形文化財に指定された芸能、技術等の保持者として各個認定された者の通称である。 |
Yosenabe is a one-pot dish. Various ingredients such as vegetables and seafood are cooked together in a pot of broth. There are wide varieties of Yosenabe, whose dashi broth and ingredients vary in each region. | 寄せ鍋（よせなべ）は、鍋料理の一つ。 汁を入れた鍋に野菜や魚介類など様々な材料を入れて煮込むもの。 地方毎に出汁や具材が異なり、多様な種類が存在する。 |
Local specialities are added to characterize Yosenabe. The stock is prepared from dried bonito, tangle, mushrooms, or shellfish. | その地方の産物が入り特色が出る。 出汁はかつお、コンブ、キノコ、貝類などでとる。 |
It is usually seasoned with salt, soy sauce, sake, or miso (reddish-brown miso or white miso). | 味付けとしては、塩、醤油、酒、味噌（赤出し、白みそ）などが一般的。 |
To finish it with noddles (Japanese wheat noodles and Chinese noodles) or rice is a standard procedure for some Yosenabe. | 鍋の種類によっては、最後に麺類（うどん、ラーメン）あるいはご飯類を入れて締めとすることが定番になっている。 |
Gekkein (1568 - 1655) was a daughter of Yorizumi ASHIKAGA of the Oyumi Kubo family. Her names were Shimako, Himahime or Oshima. Initially, she was the lawful wife of the lord of Kuragasaki-jo Castle, Korehisa SHIONOYA. Later, she became a concubine of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI. | 月桂院（げつけいいん、永禄11年（1568年）- 明暦元年（1655年））は、小弓公方家足利頼淳の娘。 名は嶋子（しまこ）あるいは嶋姫（しまひめ）・お嶋（おしま）。 初めは倉ヶ崎城主塩谷惟久の正室。 後に豊臣秀吉の側室。 |
In 1590, after the Siege of Odawara, when Hideyoshi came to Koga for Oshu Shioki (approach to punish the powerful warriors in the area of Oshu, to prevent them from strengthening their power), Oshima's husband, Korehisa fled, leaving her alone. After that Oshima who left behind met Hideyoshi, and became his concubine. | 天正18年（1590年）、小田原の役の後､奥州仕置に向かった秀吉が古河の方にやって来ると、お嶋の夫の惟久は妻の彼女を置いて逃亡してしまった。 夫に置き去りにされたお嶋は、その後､秀吉と面会し、秀吉の側室になった。 |
When Hideyoshi died in 1598, Oshima entered nunhood at To-ji Temple in Kyoto. The following year, in 1599, she went to Edo and resided in Gekkei-ji Temple in Ichigaya. She died in 1655. | お嶋は､秀吉の死去した慶長3年（1598年）､京都の東寺で出家した｡ 翌年の慶長4年（1599年）に江戸に来て、市ヶ谷の月桂寺に住んだ。 明暦元年に死去。 |
Records on Yukihisa can be found in the "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East) between the dates of January 20, 1231(December 9, 1230 in old lunar calendar) and March 6, 1263. | 『吾妻鏡』には寛喜2年（1230年）12月9日から弘長3年（1263年）正月18日まで記載がある。 |
Kanto bugyo was a post held by an officer in the Kamakura bakufu or Muromachi bakufu (both of which were Japanese feudal governments headed by a shogun) who would confer ranks and titles on gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogun). | 官途奉行(かんとぶぎょう)は、鎌倉幕府・室町幕府において、御家人の位階任官を職掌とした役職である。 |
Kanto bugyo during the Kamakura bakufu: Kanto bugyo was originally set up as a personnel system for the Kamakura bakufu. Under the control of the Mandokoro (the administrative and financial branch of the government), powerful gokenin who held a hereditary position on the Hyojoshu (the Council of State of the Kamakura period) held this post. | 鎌倉幕府における官途奉行 そもそも、官途奉行は鎌倉幕府の職制として定められたのがはじまりである。 政所の管轄下、代々評定衆に補せられている有力御家人を以ってあてられた。 |
Kanto bugyo in the Muromachi bakufu: The position of Kanto bugyo in the Kamakura bakufu was also established in the Muromachi bakufu under the control of the court. The Settsu clan, which was descended from the Miyoshi clan, succeeded to the hereditary post of Kanto bugyo in the Muromachi bakufu. | 室町幕府における官途奉行 鎌倉幕府における官途奉行は室町幕府においても設置され、引付方の管轄下に置かれた。 三善氏の末裔である摂津氏が室町幕府の官途奉行を世襲した。 |
Gongen is a kind of Japanese shingo (the title given to a Shinto shrine). The concept of gongen is based on Honji-suijaku setsu, which is the theory that the Japanese Shinto deities are recognized as manifestations of the original Buddhist divinities. | 権現（ごんげん）は日本の神の神号の一つ。 日本の神 (神道)は仏教の仏が形を変えて姿を現したものであるという本地垂迹説の考え方に基づいた神号である。 |
Gon' (as a Chinese character, '権') means 'temporary' or 'provisional,' as is used in the words 'Gon Dainagon' (provisional major counselor), and 'gen' (or '現') means 'manifestation,' and therefore 'gongen' literally means the Buddhist divinity's manifestation in the form of a provisional deity. | 「権」という文字は「権大納言」などと同じく「臨時の」「仮の」という意味で、仏が「仮に」神の形を取って「現れた」ことを文字で示している。 |
There is a theory that the origin of discrimination during the medieval period, as well as those living in special hamlets in modern Japan, lies in goshiki no sen; however, this fact is often debated. | 中世の被差別民や近現代日本の被差別部落の直接的な起源であるとする説が存在するが議論がある。 |
In 1346, 100 poems of Jowa were offered for reference in order to compile Fugashu. On December 30, 1346 (Japanese Northern Dynasty), a party after poetry selection was held, therefore the anthology should have been completed by around 1348. | 貞和二年（1346年）頃、風雅集編纂のために貞和百首が詠進され、選考資料となった。 北朝 (日本)の貞和二年（1346）十一月九日、竟宴が催され、同四年頃までに成立。 |
A complete annotated edition of the anthology by Miyoko IWASA was published by Kasama Shoin, as well as Gyokuyo shu. Moreover, there is a book called "Gyokuyo Fugashu ko" written by Kasumi TSUGITA and edited by IWASA. | 玉葉集同様、岩佐美代子氏による全注釈が笠間書院にある。 また岩佐編で、次田香澄『玉葉集風雅集攷』もある。 |
Yudate-kagura (Yutate-kagura) is one of Japanese traditional kagura forms. | 湯立神楽（ゆだてかぐら/ゆたてかぐら）は日本の伝統的な神楽の形式のひとつ。 |
Yudate-kagura is the general name of religious rites to wish no occurrence of diseases and disasters and rich harvest of five grain crops, etc., and to have the year's fortune told by conducting rites using boiled water which is boiled in a large pot. | 釜で湯を煮えたぎらせ、その湯をもちいて神事を執り行い、無病息災や五穀豊穣などを願ったり、その年の吉兆を占う神事の総称である。 |
Yudate-kagura is also called 'yu-kagura'. | 別名を「湯神楽（ゆかぐら）」とも言う。 |
In some of the shrines along seashores, sea water is used instead of the hot water in a large pot (Yonsha-jinja Shrine in Yokoshibahikari-cho, Chiba Prefecture, etc.). | また、海辺の神社では釜湯に海水を使うところもある（千葉県横芝光町四社神社など）。 |
In any of these rites, it is believed that a person who has received the splashed hot water (or its drips) shall suffer no disease and become healthy. | いずれも撒かれた湯（その飛沫）を浴びると無病息災になるとされる。 |
It is said that a person who has drunk the hot water shall suffer no disease and become healthy in some shrines and, therefore, some shrines allow visitors to bring the hot water in their bottles (Ikedai-jinja Shrine in Tenryu-mura, Nagano Prefecture, etc.) | また、神社によっては釜湯を飲むと無病息災になるとされているところもあり、ビンなどにつめて持ち帰ることのできるところもある（長野県天龍村池大神社など）。 |
Kencho SUEMATSU (September 30, 1855 - October 5, 1920) was a politician during the Meiji and Taisho period. He was a viscount. His childhood name was Senmatsu | 末松 謙澄（すえまつけんちょう、1855年9月30日（安政2年8月20日_(旧暦)） - 1920年（大正9年）10月5日）は明治 - 大正時代の政治家。 子爵。 幼名は千松。 |
Zonnyo (1396 to July 9, 1457) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the Muromachi period, and the 7th head priest of the Hongan-ji Temple. His real name was Enken. | 存如（ぞんにょ 1396年（応永3年）－1457年7月9日（長禄元年6月18日 (旧暦)））は、室町時代の浄土真宗の僧で、本願寺第7世。 諱は円兼。 |
Zonnyo died on July 9, 1457 at the age of 62. | 1457年7月9日（長禄元年6月18日）、62歳にて逝去。 |
Yoshimune TOKUGAWA was the Eighth Seii Taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") in the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun). He was the fifth lord of the Kishu Domain. He was a lord of Kazurano Domain in Echizen Province. | 徳川 吉宗（とくがわ よしむね）は、江戸幕府第8代征夷大将軍。 紀州藩第5代藩主。 越前国葛野藩主。 |
Imperial Princess Kibi (year of birth unknown - March 20, 729) is the second daughter of Prince Kusakabe and Empress Genmei. The sister of Empress Gensho and Emperor Monmu. The wife of Prince Nagaya. She was forced into suicide in the Nagayao no Hen (Conspiracy of Nagayao). | 吉備内親王（きびないしんのう、生年不詳 - 神亀6年2月12日 (旧暦)（729年3月20日））は、草壁皇子と元明天皇の次女。 元正天皇、文武天皇の姉妹。 長屋王の妃。 長屋王の変で自殺に追い込まれた。 |
She married Prince Nagaya and gave birth to Kashiwade no Okimi, Prince Katsuragi, and Kagitori no Okimi. On April 7, 715, her sons became imperial descendants. In the same year, she was ordained Sanbon (the third rank of the Imperial Princes' rank) after the era name turned to Reiki. On March 7, 724, she was ordained Nihon (the second court rank for Imperial Princes). | 吉備内親王は長屋王に嫁ぎ、膳夫王・葛木王・鉤取王を産んだ。 和銅8年（715年）2月25日に、息子達が皇孫待遇になる。 同年、元号が霊亀となった後に三品に叙される。 神亀元年（724年）2月4日に二品に叙される。 |
However, in March 729, employees of Prince Nagaya, Nuribeno Miyatsuko Kimitari and Nakatomino Miyakono Muraji Azumabito laid information against him saying that he did "Sato (an evil course)". Prince Nagaya was forced to kill himself. Imperial Princess Kibi died by hanging with her three sons. She was buried on Mt. Ikoma as was Prince Nagaya. | しかし、神亀6年（729年）2月、長屋王の使用人であった漆部造君足と中臣宮処連東人の密告により、長屋王が国を傾けるため「左道」を行ったとされた。 彼は自刃に追い込まれた。 吉備内親王も、3人の息子達と共に縊死した。 彼女は長屋王と同じく、生駒山に埋葬された。 |
MINAMOTO no Fusaakira (911? - 939) was a waka poet in the middle of the Heian period. He came from Uda-Genji (Minamoto clan), and he was the son of the third ranking Imperial Prince Tokiyo. Fusaakira reached Jushii (Junior Fourth Rank) and the official of Konoefu (Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards). | 源 英明（みなもと の ふさあきら、延喜11年（911年）? - 天慶2年（939年））は、平安時代中期の歌人。 宇多源氏の出で、三品斉世親王の子。 従四位・近衛府。 |
In accordance with his father's will, Fusaakira finished compiling "Jikaku Daishi den" (The Biography of Great Teacher Jikaku). And Fusaakira's personal collection of poetry "Genji Kogusa" (a five-volume work) is said to have existed but does not any more, and dozens of his poems are left in "Fuso shu" (Chinese classics in the Heian period) and other collections. | 父の遺言で『慈覚大師伝』を完成した。 また、家集『源氏小草』（全五巻）があったとされるが伝わらず、『扶桑集』などに数十首の作品が残る。 |
Kiyotosaku Oketsu is a horizontal decorated cave tumulus located in Oaza Shinzan, Futaba-machi, Futaba County, Fukushima Prefecture. There remain mural paintings of persons, animals and a spiral on the inner wall. It was designated as a national historic site. | 清戸迫横穴（きよとさくおうけつ）は、福島県双葉郡双葉町大字新山にある横穴式装飾古墳。 奥壁に人や動物、うずまきを描いた壁画が残されている。 国の史跡に指定されている。 |
Shinku (1146 - October 15, 1228) was a priest of the Jodo sect from the latter Heian period through the early Kamakura period. His father was Yukitaka HAMURO. His azana (adult male nickname) was Shoben. His bogo (assumed name) was Horenbo. He was also called Shirakawa Shonin. | 信空（しんくう、久安2年（1146年）- 安貞2年9月9日 (旧暦)（1228年10月8日））は、平安時代後期から鎌倉時代前期の浄土宗の僧。 父は葉室行隆。 字は称弁。 房号は法蓮房。 白川上人とも称される。 |
Ke-shima Island is an island that belongs to Maizuru City, Kyoto Prefecture. | 毛島（けしま）は、京都府舞鶴市に存在する島である。 |
Ominari HEKINO (date of birth and death unknown) was a government official (lower or middle ranked) in the Nara Period. His surname was Miyatsuko. Later, he took the name of Ominari TORII. | 日置雄三成（へきのおみなり、生没年不明)は奈良時代の官人。 姓は造。 後に鳥井雄三成。 |
Career In 777, he was conferred Torii Sukune (third highest of the eight hereditary titles). | 経歴 宝亀8年に鳥井宿禰を賜ったという。 |
Related matters The list of Personal Profile in the Nara period. Historical materials "Biographical Dictionary of Ancient Times" | 関連 奈良時代の人物一覧 史料 『日本古代人名辞典』 |
Uma no naishi (year of birth and death unknown) was a female poet in the mid-Heian period. Her father was MINAMOTO no Tokiaki, but her biological father is thought to have been MINAMOTO no Muneakira, Tokiaki's elder brother. She is regarded as one of the Chuko sanjurokkasen (medieval 36 Immortal Poets) and one of the Nyobo sanjurokkasen (36 Immortal Lady Poets). | 馬内侍（うまのないし、生没年不詳）は、平安時代中期の女流歌人。 源時明の娘であるが、実父は時明の兄源致明（むねあきら）と考えられている。 中古三十六歌仙・女房三十六歌仙の一人。 |
Her waka poems were selected for chokusen wakashu (anthologies of poems collected by Imperial command) when and after 'Shui Wakashu' (Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poems) was compiled. She privately compiled 'Uma no naishi shu.' | 「拾遺和歌集」以下の勅撰和歌集に入集。 家集に「馬内侍集」がある。 |
The Kyoto City bus is operated by Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture. The newly established Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau is in charge of the operation. Locally, it is often called simply a city bus. | 京都市営バス（きょうとしえいばす）は、京都府京都市が経営するバスである。 設置された京都市交通局が運行に当たる。 地元では単に市バス（しばす）と呼ばれることが多い。 |
The bus operation occupies an important position in the city's transportation network. The buses run mainly in Kyoto City, but some of them also stop in Nagaokakyo City (for example, at a bus stop in front of JR Nagaokakyo Station) and in Muko City (for example, at a bus stop in Mozume). | 市内交通の主要な位置をしめる。 京都市を中心に走っているが、一部長岡京市（JR長岡京駅停留所など）、向日市（物集女停留所など）にも停留所がある。 |
In Kyoto Prefecture, there are privately operated bus companies with company names in which Kyoto is included, such as Kyoto Kotsu (one based in Maizuru City and another in Kameoka City (present Keihan Kyoto Kotsu)) and Kyoto Bus, but these aren't related at all to the Kyoto City government. | なお、京都府内には京都交通（京都交通 (舞鶴)と、京都交通 (亀岡)＝現在の京阪京都交通＝の同名別会社がある）、京都バスという京都の冠がついた民間のバス会社が存在するが、これらはいずれも京都市営バスとは別のバスである。 |
Keihoku-cho operated its own buses before being merged into Kyoto City in 2005, but the operation of these buses has been maintained by the Kyoto Keihoku Furusato (hometown) public corporation as Keihoku Furusato (hometown) buses, not as Kyoto City buses. | 2005年、京北町にあった京北町営バスは、京都市編入後は市営バスとしてではなく、「きょうと京北ふるさと公社」（京北ふるさとバス）として引き続き運行されている。 |
Kurahoshi means manager of doso (pawnbrokers and moneylenders) in the Medieval Period of Kyoto. It was also called Yamahoshi (armed priest), Dozohoshi or Dozo bozu. | 蔵法師（くらほうし）とは、中世京都における土倉経営者のこと。 山法師・土蔵法師・土蔵坊主とも。 |
Mibu Roshi, or Seichu Roshi, is a predecessor of the Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate). | 壬生浪士（みぶろうし）あるいは精忠浪士(せいちゅうろうし)は、新選組の前身集団。 |
Ikeda-no-sho Manor was a shoen (manor in medieval Japan) in Mino Province during the Heian and Muromachi Periods. It was an estate of Imakumanosha Shrine | 池田荘（いけだのしょう）は、平安時代～室町時代にかけて美濃国にあった荘園。 新熊野社領。 |
SHIMOTSUKENU no Inamaro (year of birth unknown-January 13, 772) was a noble who lived during Nara period. His main name was SHIMOTSUKENU no Ason (second highest of the eight hereditary titles). | 下毛野 稻麻呂（しもつけぬ の いなまろ、？ - 772年1月13日（宝亀2年11月30日 (旧暦)））は奈良時代の貴族。 本姓は下毛野朝臣。 |
O no Tadatatsu (April 10, 1865 - December 22, 1944) was gagakuka (musician of old Japanese court music) and the member of Imperial Art Academy. | 多 忠龍（おお の ただたつ、元治2年3月15日 (旧暦)（1865年4月10日） - 昭和19年（1944年）12月22日）は、雅楽家、帝国芸術院会員。 |
The Nihon Shakaito is a political party in the Meiji Period. It's known as Japan's first legal socialist party. | 日本社会党（にほんしゃかいとう）は、明治時代の政党の一つ。 日本最初の合法社会主義政党として知られる。 |
Meanwhile, the government could no longer resist the demand, presented by Aritomo Yamagata and others, for the government to crack down on socialism; consequently, the Saionji Cabinet issued a mandate of banning the Nihon Shakaito for the 'disturbance of peace and order,' and thus the socialist party was dissolved in February, 1907. | これに対し政府内部では、山縣有朋らの取締強化の要求に抗することができなくなり、1907年2月、西園寺内閣による「安寧秩序妨害」を理由とした結社禁止命令に伴い解散となった。 |
Shoren-in Temple is a Tendai sect temple located in Awataguchi-sanjobo-cho, Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City. It is also known as 'Shoren-in-monzeki.' However, it does not have an honorific mountain prefix. The temple was founded by head priest Saicho (posthumous awarded the title Dengyo Daishi). The temple's principal image is Shijoko Nyorai. | 青蓮院 （しょうれんいん）は、京都市東山区粟田口（あわたぐち）三条坊町にある天台宗の寺院。 「青蓮院門跡」（－もんぜき）とも称する。 山号はなし。 開基（創立者）は伝教大師最澄とされる。 本尊は熾盛光仏頂(しじょうこうにょらい)である。 |
FUJIWARA no Nagako (c. 1079 - year of death not known) was a female waka poet in the late Heian period. Her father was Sanuki no Nyodo FUJIWARA no Akitsuna. FUJIWARA no Iemichi (Kunaikyo [Minister of the Sovereign's Household]) was her elder brother. Her name as nyobo (court lady) was Sanuki no suke. | 藤原 長子（ふじわら の ながこ、承暦3年（1079年）? - 没年不詳）は、平安時代後期の女流歌人。 父は讃岐入道藤原顕綱。 兄に藤原家通 (宮内卿)。 女房名は讃岐典侍（さぬきのすけ）。 |
Two volumes of her diary 'Sanuki no suke Nikki,' in which she depicted the situations surrounding the Emperor Horikawa until his death, remain. This diary is renown in the history of literature as the one in which a close aide wrote with adoration about an Emperor's death. | 著作として堀河天皇の死に至る模様を描いた「讃岐典侍日記」2巻が現存している。 天皇の死を、その側近が愛情をこめて綴った文学として文学史上に名高い。 |
Brief Personal History | 略歴 |
He read waka and books, and wrote the waka anthology, 'Shintsukubashu.' | 和歌や書をよくし、和歌集「新莵玖波知集」を著した。 |
It is considered to be a generalized art form that practices not only serving and drinking tea, but deals with the purpose of living, the way of thinking, religion, art of tea tools and art works placed in the tea room. | ただ、茶をいれて飲むだけでなく、生きていく目的や考え方、宗教、茶道具や茶室に置く美術品など、広い分野にまたがる総合芸術とされる。 |
Currently, sado has the forerunning macchado (art of maccha (green powdered tea) ceremony) and the later senchado (art of sencha (simmered tea) ceremony), and it refers to the former if one mentions just about sado. | 現在、茶道は先発の抹茶道と後発の煎茶道があり、単に茶道というと前者を指す。 |
Imadegawa Station, located in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture, is a facility of the Kyoto Municipal Subway Karasuma Line. Its station number is K06. | 今出川駅（いまでがわえき）は、京都府京都市上京区にある、京都市営地下鉄京都市営地下鉄烏丸線の鉄道駅。 駅番号はK06。 |
Garei (literally, the ghost of a picture) are said to be tsukumogami (spirits that inhabit certain objects) where a portrait has been possessed by the spirit of its painter. It is said that if a picture is left untended even when it gets old and need restoration, a character in the picture will give warning. | 画霊（がれい）は、人物画に画家の執念が乗り移ったとされる付喪神。 その絵画が古くなって修復が必要となった際、修復せずに放っておくと、絵の中の人物が警告を促すという。 |
His tombstone stands in Shinsho Gokuraku-ji Temple (Shinnyo-do) at Shinnyo-cho, Jodoji, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City. | 墓所は京都府左京区浄土寺真如町の真正極楽寺（真如堂）。 |
TANI no Ne Maro was believed to have continued fighting for OTOMO no Fukei after this battle, but nothing was mentioned about him in "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan). | 谷根麻呂はこの後も大友吹負のもとで戦ったと考えられるが、その様子は『日本書紀』に現れない。 |
Located in the Fushimi ward of Kyoto City and in Uji City of Kyoto Prefecture, Rokujizo Station is a stop on Keihan Electric Railway, West Japan Railway Company (JR West) and Kyoto Municipal Subway lines. | 六地蔵駅（ろくじぞうえき）は、京都府京都市伏見区と宇治市にある、京阪電気鉄道・西日本旅客鉄道（JR西日本）・京都市営地下鉄の鉄道駅。 |
Rokujizo stations of JR West and Kyoto Municipal Subway are located in Uji City and that of Keihan Electric Railway, in Kyoto City's Fushimi Ward. | JR西日本および京都市営地下鉄の駅所在地は宇治市、京阪電気鉄道の駅所在地は京都市伏見区である。 |
Mukaijima is a location name of a place located at the southern Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City. | 向島（むかいじま）は京都市伏見区南部にある地名。 |
Topography The central town of Fushimi Ward sandwiches the banks of the Uji-gawa River. | 地勢 伏見区中心街とは宇治川を挟んで対岸に位置する。 |
History It was the natural sandbank floating in the wetland called Oguraike Pond, but Uji-gawa River was renovated due to the construction of Fushimi-jo Castle of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI during the Azuchi-Momoyama period. The northern area surrounded by Makishima-zutsumi Dike and Ogura-zutsumi bank built at that time became Mukaijima. | 歴史 巨椋池とよばれる湿地帯に浮かぶ自然の砂州であったが、安土桃山時代、豊臣秀吉の伏見城築城に伴い、宇治川の改修工事が行われた。 その際に築かれた槇島堤と小倉堤に囲まれた一帯の北部が向島となる。 |
Main facilities Mukaijima Station (Kintetsu Kyoto Line of Kintetsu Corporation) Kangetsukyo Station (Keihan Uji Line of Keihan Electric Railway) located on the opposite bank of the Uji-gawa River Mukaijima New Town Shuchiin University | 主な施設 向島駅（近畿日本鉄道近鉄京都線） 観月橋駅（京阪電気鉄道京阪宇治線）…宇治川の対岸 向島ニュータウン 種智院大学 |
Shinbutsu-bunri is to prohibit conventional syncretization of Shinto with Buddhism and to distinguish between Shintoism and Buddhism, Kami (Shinto) and Buddha, and shrines and temples. | 神仏分離（しんぶつぶんり）は、神仏習合の慣習を禁止し、神道と仏教、神 (神道)と仏、神社と寺院とをはっきり区別させること。 |
He served three emperors, i.e. the Emperor Saga, the Emperor Junna and the Emperor Ninmyo. | 嵯峨天皇・淳和天皇・仁明天皇の三代に仕えた。 |
Description in mythology When Susanoo (the god of the sea and storms) made a pledge to his sister, Amaterasu (the sun goddess), to prove his sincerity, Amaterasu received a sword from Susanoo and gave birth to three goddesses, known as the 'Munakata-Sanjoshin.' | 神話における記述 アマテラスとスサノオの誓約の段で、アマテラスがスサノオの持つ剣を譲り受けて宗像三女神を生んだ。 |
It was declared that these three goddesses were daughters of Susanoo, because they were born from his sword. It is recorded that these three goddesses were worshiped by people in the Munakata region. There are some differences between the descriptions in the Kojiki and the Nihonshoki about the order of their birth and where they were enshrined | この三女神は、スサノオの物実から生まれたのでスサノオの子であると宣言された。 この三女神は宗像の民が信仰している神であると記されている。 化生した順番や、どの宮に祀られるかは、記紀で異同がある。 |
According to the Kojiki, she was born first, named Takiri-hime (多紀理毘売命) and enshrined in Okitsumiya. Also known as Okitsushima-hime (奥津島比売命). | 古事記では、1番目に化生し、名は「多紀理毘売命」で、沖津宮に祀られる。 別名「奥津島比売命」 |
According to the main text of the Nihonshoki, she was born first, named Tagori-hime (田心姫) and enshrined in Okitsumiya. | 日本書紀本文では、1番目に化生し、名は「田心姫」で、沖津宮に祀られる。 |
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